Evidence for overlapping genetic influences on autistic and ADHD behaviours in a community twin sample
Evidence for overlapping genetic influences on autistic and ADHD behaviours in a community twin sample
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01857.x
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Plomin, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ronald, Angelica;Simonoff, Emily;Plomin, Robert
背景资料：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）之间存在高水平的临床共病。本研究采用个体差异的方法来确定一般人群中自闭症特征和ADHD行为之间的表型和病因重叠程度。方法：双胞胎早期发展研究是在英格兰和威尔士出生的社区样本。1994年至1996年出生的双胞胎家庭被邀请参加; 6,771个家庭在双胞胎8岁时参加了这项研究。父母完成了儿童发育不良综合征测试和Conners' DSM-IV分量表。教师的数据也收集了一个子样本。Conners'分量表的高分被用来识别可能的ADHD病例。潜在的ASD病例使用发展和福祉评估进行了访谈。采用多元结构方程模型拟合、DeFries Fulker极值分析和责任阈值模型拟合。结果：在一般人群中，自闭症和ADHD特征之间存在显著相关性（父母数据为0.54，教师数据为0.51）。在双变量模型中，所有的遗传相关性都大于0.50，表明在整个一般人群和数量极端情况下，自闭症和ADHD性状的遗传影响存在中度重叠。当性别、智商和行为问题得到控制时，父母和教师的数据仍然存在这种表型和遗传重叠。疑似病例也有大量重叠（41%符合ASD标准的儿童疑似ADHD; 22%疑似ADHD符合ASD标准）。结论：这些结果表明，在正常变异和极端情况下，自闭症特征和ADHD行为之间存在一些共同的遗传影响。这与分子遗传学研究以及精神病学家和心理学家有关，他们可能认为这两组行为是独立的。
Background: High levels of clinical comorbidity have been reported between autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study takes an individual differences approach to determine the degree of phenotypic and aetiological overlap between autistic traits and ADHD behaviours in the general population. Methods: The Twins Early Development Study is a community sample born in England and Wales. Families with twins born in 1994-6 were invited to join; 6,771 families participated in the study when the twins were 8 years old. Parents completed the Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test and the Conners' DSM-IV subscales. Teacher data were also collected on a sub-sample. High scores on the Conners' subscales were used to identify possible ADHD cases. Potential ASD cases were interviewed using the Development and Well-Being Assessment. Multivariate structural equation model-fitting was employed, as well as DeFries Fulker extremes analysis and liability threshold model-fitting. Results: Significant correlations were found between autistic and ADHD traits in the general population (.54 for parent data, .51 for teacher data). In the bivariate models, all genetic correlations were >.50, indicating a moderate degree of overlap in genetic influences on autistic and ADHD traits, both throughout the general population and at the quantitative extreme. This phenotypic and genetic overlap still held when sex, IQ and conduct problems were controlled for, for both parent and teacher data. There was also substantial overlap in suspected cases (41% of children who met criteria for an ASD had suspected ADHD; 22% with suspected ADHD met criteria for an ASD). Conclusions: These results suggest there are some common genetic influences operating across autistic traits and ADHD behaviours throughout normal variation and at the extreme. This is relevant for molecular genetic research, as well as for psychiatrists and psychologists, who may have assumed these two sets of behaviours are independent.