AGRONOMIC COMPARISONS BETWEEN RHT1 AND RHT2 SEMIDWARF GENES IN WINTER-WHEAT
AGRONOMIC COMPARISONS BETWEEN RHT1 AND RHT2 SEMIDWARF GENES IN WINTER-WHEAT
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183x002900050001x
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发表时间：
1989-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
ALLAN, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ALLAN, RE
Rht 1和Rht 2半矮秆基因是小麦高度降低的主要基因。这些基因已被单独用于培育数百种现代小麦品种。信息是有限的，其相对育种价值。本研究测量了Rh 1 t与Rht 2基因对籽粒产量、籽粒产量构成因素、倒伏、冠部位置和林分建立的影响。1976 ~ 1978年在美国华盛顿的几个不同环境中，对代表3种遗传背景的5个冬小麦群体中的4个群体的4种可能基因型（Rht 1 Rht 1 rht 2 rht 2、rht 1 rht 1 Rht 2 Rht 2、rht 1 rht 1 rht 2 rht 2）的近等基因系进行了15次试验。Rht 1 Rht 1 Rht 2 Rht 2和Rht 1 Rht 1 Rht 2 Rht 2等基因系的籽粒产量与其同胞系相比，平均增产16%，而Rht 1 Rht 1 Rht 2 Rht 2等基因系的平均增产仅为2%。Rht 1 Rht 1 Rht 2 Rht 2和Rht 1 Rht 1 Rht 2 Rht 2等株系在群体间和群体间的产量、穗数、粒重、冠位和倒伏率的平均差异均不显著（P> 0.05）。Rht 1 Rht 1 Rht 2 Rht 2等位基因的平均株高比Rht 1 Rht 1 Rht 2 Rht 2同胞株高低2%（P < 0.05）。Rht 1 Rht 1 Rht 2 Rht 2等株系的籽粒容重、出苗率和最终立木数均高于Rht 1 Rht 1 Rht 2 Rht 2等株系。这些差异不是由于两个基因的多效性效应，因为群体×群体的遗传多样性。Rht 1与Rht 2位点的相互作用发生在每个性状。从育种的角度来看，使用Rht 1是有道理的，因为它通常有较少的不利影响，粮食体积重量和林分建立比Rht 2。
The Rht1 and Rht2 semidwarf genes have been the most extensively exploited factors for reducing height of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). These genes have been used singly to develop hundreds of modern wheat cultivars. Information is limited on their relative breeding value. This study measured the effects of the Rh1t, vs. the Rht2, gene on grain yield, grain yield components, lodging, crown placement, and stand establishment. Near isogenic lines of the four possible genotypes (Rht1Rht1rht2rht2, rht1rht1Rht2Rht2, Rht1Rht1Rht2Rht2,rht1rht1rht2rht2) of four of five winter wheat populations representing three genetic backgrounds were tested in 15 trials conducted during 1976 to 1978 at several diverse environments in Washington [USA]. Compared to their rht1rht1rht2rht2 sibs, Rht1Rht1rht2rht2 and rht1rht1Rht2Rht2 isolines had similar average grain yield increases of 16% while the average increase of Rht1Rht1Rht2Rht2 isolines was only 2%. Mean differences in grain yield, grains spike-1, grain weight, crown placement, and lodging percentage were not significant (P < 0.05) between Rht1Rht1rht2rht2 and rht1rht1Rht2Rht2 isolines among or across populations. When averaged across populations, mean plant heights of rht1rht1Rht2Rht2 isolines were 2% shorter (P < 0.05) than Rht1Rht1rht2rht2 sibs. Generally, means for grain volume weight, emergence rate, and final stand of Rht1Rht1rht2rht2 isolines exceeded those of rht1rht1Rht2Rht2 isolines. These differences were not due to pleiotropic effects of the two genes because population .times. Rht1 vs. Rht2 loci interactions occurred for each trait. From a breeding standpoint, use of Rht1 is warranted because it generally had less adverse effect on grain volume weight and stand establishment than Rht2.