CRISPR-based adaptive immune systems.

CRISPR-based adaptive immune systems.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.mib.2011.03.005
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发表时间:
2011-06
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Terns, Rebecca M.
Terns, Rebecca M.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Terns, Michael P.;Terns, Rebecca M.

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CRISPR-Cas系统是最近发现的基于RNA的免疫系统,其控制古细菌和细菌中的病毒和质粒的入侵。具有CRISPR-Cas免疫系统的原核生物在其基因组中的CRISPR基因座内捕获短的入侵者序列,并且由CRISPR基因座产生的小RNA(CRISPR(cr)RNA)引导Cas蛋白识别并降解(或以其他方式沉默)入侵核酸。在原核生物中发现的途径有多种变化,每种变化都由我们刚刚开始描述的主要不同的组分和机制介导。在这里,我们将回顾我们目前对显着的CRISPR-Cas途径的理解,特别关注与古细菌中发现的系统相关的研究。
CRISPR-Cas systems are recently discovered, RNA-based immune systems that control invasions of viruses and plasmids in archaea and bacteria. Prokaryotes with CRISPR-Cas immune systems capture short invader sequences within the CRISPR loci in their genomes, and small RNAs produced from the CRISPR loci (CRISPR (cr)RNAs) guide Cas proteins to recognize and degrade (or otherwise silence) the invading nucleic acids. There are multiple variations of the pathway found among prokaryotes, each mediated by largely distinct components and mechanisms that we are only beginning to delineate. Here we will review our current understanding of the remarkable CRISPR-Cas pathways with particular attention to studies relevant to systems found in the archaea.
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