Declining costs of communication and transportation: What are the effects on agglomerations?
Declining costs of communication and transportation: What are the effects on agglomerations?
复制标题
通讯和交通成本下降：对城市群有何影响？
DOI：
10.1016/s0014-2921(99)00016-1
复制
发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
A. Schmutzler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Gersbach;A. Schmutzler
我们考虑一个两阶段模型的位置选择。公司决定在三个地点（或国家）中的哪一个建立工厂;然后他们在所有三个市场上竞争。知识溢出减少了聚集的边际成本;通过公司内部溢出，这些成本的减少可以输出到其他地点。我们发现，企业内部信息交流的改善使聚集更有可能，因为在中心获得的知识可以更容易地传递到其他地方。运输成本的下降往往会破坏聚集地的稳定，因为对周边地区的竞争加剧，从而降低了聚集地获得的知识的价值。
We consider a two-stage model of locational choice. Firms decide in which of three locations (or countries) to build plants; they then compete in all three markets. Knowledge spillovers reduce marginal costs in agglomerations; through intra-firm spillovers these cost reductions can be exported to other locations. We show that improvements in the exchange of information within firms make agglomeration more likely, because knowledge obtained in the center can be transmitted to other locations more easily. Decreases in transportation costs tend to destabilize agglomerations, since competition for peripheral locations increases, which decreases the value of knowledge obtained in agglomerations.