Cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity of trichothecene mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp.
Cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity of trichothecene mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.07.026
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Shier, W. Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abbas, Hamed K.;Yoshizawa, Takumi;Shier, W. Thomas
毛霉烯类真菌毒素是由镰刀菌、链霉属和链霉属产生的一类主要真菌毒素，对植物和哺乳动物都有毒害作用。包括A型(如T-2毒素)和B型(如脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇)在内的简单三氯乙烯一般比大环三氯乙烯毒性小。我们试图确定简单的三氯乙烯是否是开发生物除草剂的潜在来源，因为生物除草剂需要高植物毒性和低哺乳动物毒性。我们用一种小型水生植物Pemna pausicostata在体外检测了28种简单的毛霉烯类化合物的植物毒性，并使用四种培养的哺乳动物细胞系检测了哺乳动物的毒性。已确定了几种构效关系，其中包括以下两种可能与生物除草剂开发相关的结构-活性关系：B型三氯乙烯的过乙酰化和A型三氯乙烯的脱环氧化都大大降低了哺乳动物的毒性，而对植物毒性几乎没有影响。结果表明，简单的三氯乙烯在体外具有较强的植物毒性和最小的哺乳动物毒性。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Trichothecenes, a major class of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium, Myrothecium, and Stachybotrys species, are toxic to both plants and mammals. Simple trichothecenes, including type A (e.g., T-2 toxin) and type B (e.g., deoxynivalenol), are generally less toxic than macrocyclic trichothecenes. We sought to determine if simple trichothecenes are a potential source of candidates for development as bioherbicides, which require high phytotoxicity and low mammalian toxicity. We examined 28 simple trichothecenes in vitro for phytotoxicity using a small aquatic plant, Lemna pausicostata, and for mammalian toxicity using four cultured mammalian cell lines. Several structure-activity relationships were identified, including the following two, which may be relevant to bioherbicide development: peracetylation of type B trichothecenes and de-epoxidation of type A trichothecenes both substantially reduced mammalian toxicity with little effect on phytotoxicity. It was concluded that simple trichothecenes possessing strong phytotoxicity and minimal mammalian toxicity in vitro can be identified. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.