Conscious and nonconscious African American stereotypes: Impact on first impression and diagnostic ratings by therapists
Conscious and nonconscious African American stereotypes: Impact on first impression and diagnostic ratings by therapists
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-006x.67.3.387
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Abreu, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abreu, JM
60名治疗师随机分配到2个启动条件之一，启动与非裔美国人的刻板印象或中性词使用80毫秒的闪光灯在电脑屏幕上的话。这个过程可能会激活意识之外的信息处理。在这项任务之后，参与者被暴露在一个简短的小插曲中，介绍了X先生，一个被转介接受治疗的病人，然后被要求对X先生的各个方面进行评价。结果表明，与刻板印象的话启动的参与者评价先生。X显着不太有利的忠诚度相关的属性和显着更有利的忠诚度无关的属性比参与者与中性词启动。研究结果表明，治疗师可能会受到非裔美国人刻板印象的影响，这种刻板印象会产生消极或积极的第一印象，这取决于被评定的属性的性质。
Sixty therapists randomly assigned to 1 of 2 priming conditions were primed with African American stereotypes or neutral words using 80-ms flash words on a computer screen. This procedure may activate information processing outside of conscious awareness. After this task, participants were exposed to a brief vignette introducing Mr. X, a patient referred for treatment, and then were asked to rate Mr. X on various dimensions. Results indicate that participants primed with stereotype words rated Mr. X significantly less favorably on hostility-related attributes and significantly more favorably on hostility-unrelated attributes than did participants primed with neutral words. The findings suggest that therapists can be affected by African American stereotypes in ways that produce negative or positive first impressions depending on the nature of the attribute that is rated.