Polymorphism of visual pigment genes in the muriqui (Primates, Atelidae).
Polymorphism of visual pigment genes in the muriqui (Primates, Atelidae).
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鼠类（灵长类动物，Atelidae）视觉色素基因的多态性。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02822.x
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Dominy,NJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Talebi,MG;Pope,TR;Vogel,ER;Neitz,M;Dominy,NJ
Atelidae(灵长类，Platyrrhini)科由四个属组成，其分支关系如下：{Alouatta[Ateles(LagothrixandBrachyteles)]}。蜘蛛猴(Ateles)和绵毛猴(Lagothrix)是白喉猴的特征，具有颜色视觉多态。X染色体上单基因座中长波视锥蛋白基因(M/L)的等位基因变异导致了该基因的多态。群体中编码不同M/L感光色素的等位基因的存在导致了不同的色觉表型。这种多态在咆哮猴(Alouatta)中是不存在的，它是鸭嘴兽中的唯一物种，通过视蛋白基因复制获得了与东半球猴子、猿和人类相似的统一三色视觉。咆哮猴和短尾猴在饮食和形态上的相似之处增加了这两个属共享相似形式的色觉的可能性，即均匀的三原色。然而，简约预测，短吻龙的色觉将类似于拉各特里斯和阿特莱斯的多态。在这里，我们测试这一假设。我们从18只小鼠的血或粪便中提取DNA，并测定了M/L视蛋白基因外显子3和5的序列。我们的结果证实了短肢动物中存在单一的M/L视锥蛋白基因。我们检测到三个等位基因，预测的λ最大值分别为530、550和562 nm。两名雌性是杂合子，因此被预测具有不同类型的M/L锥体色素。我们讨论了这一结果对于理解三色视觉的进化生态学的意义。
Colour vision varies within the family Atelidae (Primates, Platyrrhini), which consists of four genera with the following cladistic relationship: {Alouatta[Ateles(LagothrixandBrachyteles)]}. Spider monkeys (Ateles) and woolly monkeys (Lagothrix) are characteristic of platyrrhine monkeys in possessing a colour vision polymorphism. The polymorphism results from allelic variation of the single‐locus middle‐to‐long wavelength (M/L) cone opsin gene on the X‐chromosome. The presence in the population of alleles coding for different M/L photopigments results in a variety of colour vision phenotypes. Such a polymorphism is absent in howling monkeys (Alouatta), which, alone among platyrrhines, acquired uniform trichromatic vision similar to that of Old World monkeys, apes, and humans through opsin gene duplication. Dietary and morphological similarities between howling monkeys and muriquis (Brachyteles) raise the possibility that the two genera share a similar form of colour vision, uniform trichromacy. Yet parsimony predicts that the colour vision ofBrachyteleswill resemble the polymorphism present inLagothrixandAteles. Here we test this assumption. We obtained DNA from the blood or faeces of 18 muriquis and sequenced exons 3 and 5 of the M/L opsin gene. Our results affirm the existence of a single M/L cone opsin gene in the genusBrachyteles. We detected three alleles with predicted λmaxvalues of 530, 550, and 562 nm. Two females were heterozygous and are thus predicted to have different types of M/L cone pigment. We discuss the implication of this result towards understanding the evolutionary ecology of trichromatic vision.