Rotational multimaterial printing of filaments with subvoxel control
Rotational multimaterial printing of filaments with subvoxel control
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-022-05490-7
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发表时间：
2023-01-18
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Lewis, Jennifer A. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Larson, Natalie M. M.;Mueller, Jochen;Lewis, Jennifer A. A.
螺旋结构在自然界中普遍存在，并赋予独特的机械性能和多功能性1。到目前为止，模仿这些天然系统的合成结构已经通过缠绕、扭曲和编织单个细丝（1-7）、微流体（8，9）、自成形（1，10 -13）和印刷方法（14- 1 - 7）来制造。然而，这些制造方法不能同时创建和图案化多材料，螺旋结构的丝与亚体素控制在任意二维（2D）和三维（3D）图案从广泛的材料。为了实现这一目标，最近已经报道了多材料18 -23和旋转24结构细丝的3D打印;然而，这两种能力的整合尚未实现。在这里，我们报告了一个旋转的多材料3D打印（RM-3DP）平台，使subvoxel控制的方位角异构建筑细丝的局部取向。通过连续旋转的多材料喷嘴的角度与平移速度的控制比，我们已经创建了螺旋丝与可编程的螺旋角，层厚度和界面面积之间的几种材料在一个给定的圆柱体素。使用这种集成的方法，我们已经制造了功能性人工肌肉组成的螺旋介电弹性体致动器具有高保真度和可单独寻址的导电螺旋通道嵌入在介电弹性体矩阵。我们还制造了分层晶格，包括架构的螺旋状支柱含有刚性弹簧内的一个顺应性矩阵。我们的增材制造平台为在生物启发的图案中生成多功能结构物质开辟了新的途径。
Helical structures are ubiquitous in nature and impart unique mechanical properties and multifunctionality1. So far, synthetic architectures that mimic these natural systems have been fabricated by winding, twisting and braiding of individual filaments(1-7), microfluidics(8,9), self-shaping(1,10-13) and printing methods(14-17). However, those fabrication methods are unable to simultaneously create and pattern multimaterial, helically architected filaments with subvoxel control in arbitrary two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) motifs from a broad range of materials. Towards this goal, both multimaterial18-23 and rotational24 3D printing of architected filaments have recently been reported; however, the integration of these two capabilities has yet to be realized. Here we report a rotational multimaterial 3D printing (RM-3DP) platform that enables subvoxel control over the local orientation of azimuthally heterogeneous architected filaments. By continuously rotating a multimaterial nozzle with a controlled ratio of angular-to-translational velocity, we have created helical filaments with programmable helix angle, layer thickness and interfacial area between several materials within a given cylindrical voxel. Using this integrated method, we have fabricated functional artificial muscles composed of helical dielectric elastomer actuators with high fidelity and individually addressable conductive helical channels embedded within a dielectric elastomer matrix. We have also fabricated hierarchical lattices comprising architected helical struts containing stiff springs within a compliant matrix. Our additive-manufacturing platform opens new avenues to generating multifunctional architected matter in bioinspired motifs.