Talk and Silence Sequences in Informal Conversations III: Interspeaker Influence
Talk and Silence Sequences in Informal Conversations III: Interspeaker Influence
复制标题
非正式对话中的说话和沉默序列 III：说话者之间的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1981
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Planalp
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Cappella;S. Planalp
关于两人对话结构的文献一致发现，伴侣在互动过程中的平均停顿持续时间和切换停顿的时间变得更加相似。关于发声持续时间影响的证据主要是负面的。没有直接证据表明说话者之间的即时影响。在本研究中，使用时间序列回归程序分析了 12 次双向对话的说话者间影响。提供了两个版本的数据：概率摘要（包括打破相互沉默、继续同时讲话和继续单独讲话的概率）和回合摘要（包括发声、暂停和切换暂停持续时间）。结果表明：(1) 两个版本的数据中都存在即时影响，(2) 这些影响因二元组而异，(3) 影响既有积极的（匹配）又有消极的（补偿），以及 (4) 说话者间的影响在时间上的大小虽小但可检测到。此外，在切换停顿、继续同时讲话的概率以及打破相互沉默的概率方面存在总体趋势匹配。二元组显示了发声持续时间和暂停相关变量的补偿和匹配。探讨了这些数据对过去和未来社会互动解释的影响。
Literature on the structure of two-person conversations has consistently found that partners become more similar in mean duration of pauses and switching pauses over the course of interaction. Evidence on influence in vocalization duration is primarily negative. No direct evidence of interspeaker influence on a moment-to-moment basis is available. In this study 12 dyadic conversations are analyzed for interspeaker influence, with the use of time series regression procedures. Two versions of the data are presented: a probability summary including the probability of breaking mutual silences, continuing simultaneous talk, and continuing talking alone and a turn summary including vocalization, pause, and switching pause duration. Results show that (1) moment-to-moment influences are present in both versions of the data, (2) these influences differ from dyad to dyad, (3) the influences are both positive (matching) and negative (compensating), and (4) the magnitude of interspeaker influence on a temporal basis is small but detectable. In addition, there are overall tendencies to match in switching pause, probability of continued simultaneous speech, and probability of breaking mutual silences. Dyads show both compensation and matching on vocalization duration and pause-related variables. Implications of these data for past and future explanation of social interaction are explored.