Female control of paternity by spawning site choice in a cooperatively polyandrous cichlid
Female control of paternity by spawning site choice in a cooperatively polyandrous cichlid
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DOI：
10.1163/1568539x-00003242
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Kohda, Masanori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Ning;Takeyama, Tomohiro;Kohda, Masanori
雌性的多次交配很普遍，雌性通常通过与多个雄性交配获得直接和/或间接的利益。然而，雌性对多个父系后代的控制通常只在具有复杂生殖系统（包括隐性雌性选择）的内部受精动物中才有可能。在这里，我们提供了直接的证据，表明一种具有外部受精的合作性多雄慈鲷（Julidochromis transcriptus）利用环境因素来操纵雄性获得卵的机会，从而控制其卵的父权。一妻多夫制的雌性比一夫一妻制的雌性从大的雄性和小的雄性那里得到更多的父权投资。我们使用了一个“阶梯巢”设计，在这个设计中，大的雄性和小的雄性分别被限制在宽的和窄的巢区，并发现当一妻多夫的三胞胎中，雌性在两个区域之间的边界上产卵，每个雄性都可以进入。相比之下，雌性成组地在宽或窄的区域产卵，这取决于交配伴侣的大小。我们的研究结果表明，一妻多夫制的雌性会仔细选择产卵地点，通过利用环境结构来操纵父权，增加它们从交配伙伴那里获得的直接利益。通过这种方式，外部受精的J. transcriptus操纵雄性行为的方式类似于内部受精动物中隐藏的雌性选择。
Multiple mating of females is widespread, and females often obtain direct and/or indirect benefits by mating with multiple males. However, female control of multiple paternity broods is usually only possible in internally fertilising animals with complex reproductive systems including cryptic female choice. Here we present direct evidence that a cooperative polyandrous cichlid fish with external fertilisation, Julidochromis transcriptus, uses environmental factors to manipulate male access to, and therefore paternity of, their egg clutches. Polyandrous females receive more paternal investment from both of large alpha males and small beta males than monogamous females. We used a 'step nest' design, in which large alpha males and small beta males were restricted to the wide and narrow nest areas respectively, and found that when kept in polyandrous trios, females laid their egg clutches exactly at the borderline between the two regions each male could access. In contrast, females in pairs laid their clutches in either the wide or narrow area depending on the size of their mating partner. Our results demonstrate that polyandrous females carefully choose egg deposition site, increasing the direct benefits they receive from mating partners by using environmental structures to manipulate paternity. In this way, externally fertilising J. transcriptus manipulate male behaviour in a manner similar to cryptic female choice in internally fertilising animals.