Review on plasmas in extraordinary media: plasmas in cryogenic conditions and plasmas in supercritical fluids
Review on plasmas in extraordinary media: plasmas in cryogenic conditions and plasmas in supercritical fluids
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DOI：
10.1088/1361-6595/aaaa87
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发表时间：
2018-02
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
S. Stauss;H. Muneoka;K. Terashima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Stauss;H. Muneoka;K. Terashima
等离子体科学和技术促进了非常不同领域的进步：微米和纳米技术、化学合成、材料制造以及最近的生物技术和医学。虽然目前使用的许多等离子体工具和技术都非常先进，但用于微米和纳米制造的等离子体类型构成了一定的限制，例如在等离子体生物技术和等离子体医学中处理热敏材料方面。此外，自然界，特别是外层空间中遇到的等离子体的许多物理性质，即超低温等离子体或高密度介质中的等离子体，还没有得到很好的了解。本文简要介绍了在“极端”条件下：在低温和超临界流体中产生的实验室等离子体。介绍了这些低温等离子体和低温等离子体以及超临界流体中的等离子体，特别是超临界流体等离子体的基本特性及其主要应用。对这类奇异等离子体的研究有望加深对等离子体物理的理解，同时使其在各个技术领域得到新的应用。
Plasma science and technology has enabled advances in very diverse fields: micro- and nanotechnology, chemical synthesis, materials fabrication and, more recently, biotechnology and medicine. While many of the currently employed plasma tools and technologies are very advanced, the types of plasmas used in micro- and nanofabrication pose certain limits, for example, in treating heat-sensitive materials in plasma biotechnology and plasma medicine. Moreover, many physical properties of plasmas encountered in nature, and especially outer space, i.e. very-low-temperature plasmas or plasmas that occur in high-density media, are not very well understood. The present review gives a short account of laboratory plasmas generated under ’extreme’ conditions: at cryogenic temperatures and in supercritical fluids. The fundamental characteristics of these cryogenic plasmas and cryoplasmas, and plasmas in supercritical fluids, especially supercritical fluid plasmas, are presented with their main applications. The research on such exotic plasmas is expected to lead to further understanding of plasma physics and, at the same time, enable new applications in various technological fields.