Deer feeding selectivity for invasive plants
Deer feeding selectivity for invasive plants
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DOI：
10.1007/s10530-016-1063-z
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Post, Eric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Averill, Kristine M.;Mortensen, David A.;Post, Eric
本地的通才食草动物可能会通过消耗入侵植物来限制植物入侵，或者通过选择性地避免它们来增强植物入侵。食草动物在植物入侵中的作用已被调查有关植物本地/引进的状态，然而，存在的知识差距是否食物选择发生根据本地/引进的状态或物种。我们测试的偏好本地食草动物白尾鹿（Odocoileus virginianus）的广泛和经常发生的入侵引进和本土植物在美国东北部。选择鹿的偏好试验进行了物种和相对偏好，确定使用生物量消耗和摄食行为。虽然更多的本地比引进的植物生物量消耗的整体，鹿的食物选择变化很大的植物物种。结果表明，一致的鹿避免几种入侵植物（Alliaria petiolata的，Berlaughthunbergum，和Microstegium vimineum）和本地植物（Dennstaedtia punctilobula）。其他入侵植物（南蛇藤，女贞，和野牡丹）和本地植物（红槭）是高度优选的。这些结果提供了证据，草食动物对植物入侵者的影响取决于植物物种的适口性。因此，草食动物的选择性可能在入侵过程中起着重要作用。在某种程度上，草食动物影响人口统计数据，这些结果表明，本地通才草食动物促进敌人释放一些植物入侵者，避免他们和其他人的生物抗性，通过消耗它们。
Native generalist herbivores might limit plant invasion by consuming invading plants or enhance plant invasion by selectively avoiding them. The role of herbivores in plant invasion has been investigated in relation to plant native/introduced status, however, a knowledge gap exists about whether food selection occurs according to native/introduced status or to species. We tested preference of the native herbivore white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) for widespread and frequently occurring invasive introduced and native plants in the northeastern United States. Multiple-choice deer preference trials were conducted for the species and relative preference was determined using biomass consumption and feeding behavior. While more native than introduced plant biomass was consumed overall, deer food selection varied strongly by plant species. Results show consistent deer avoidance of several invasive introduced plants (Alliaria petiolata, Berberis thunbergii, and Microstegium vimineum) and a native plant (Dennstaedtia punctilobula). Other invasive introduced plants (Celastrus orbiculatus, Ligustrum vulgare, and Lonicera morrowii) and a native plant (Acer rubrum) were highly preferred. These results provide evidence that herbivore impacts on plant invaders depend on plant species palatability. Consequently, herbivore selectivity likely plays an important role in the invasion process. To the extent that herbivory impacts population demographics, these results suggest that native generalist herbivores promote enemy release of some plant invaders by avoiding them and contribute to biotic resistance of others by consuming them.