Reducing Bureaucratic Corruption: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on What Works
Reducing Bureaucratic Corruption: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on What Works
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DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.2930520
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发表时间：
2018-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Gans-Morse;Mariana Borges;Alexey Makarin;Theresa Mannah Blankson;Andre Nickow;Dong Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Gans-Morse;Mariana Borges;Alexey Makarin;Theresa Mannah Blankson;Andre Nickow;Dong Zhang
摘要本文首次全面回顾了反腐败政策的跨学科知识状况，特别侧重于减少公务员腐败。借鉴经济学家、政治学家、社会学家和人类学家的研究成果，我们研究了七个政策类别：（1）奖励和惩罚;（2）监督;（3）重组官僚机构;（4）筛选和招聘;（5）反腐败机构;（6）教育运动;（7）国际协议。值得注意的是，大多数通常规定的反腐败政策缺乏严格的经验评价。尽管如此，我们发现越来越多的证据表明，以监测为基础的政策，包括反腐败审计和电子政务，是有效的。此外，公务员的适当工资似乎是控制腐败的一个必要但不充分的条件。文献中也明显出现了对反腐败机构效力的怀疑。最后，我们总结了从我们的审查中汲取的更广泛的经验教训，例如认识到，当腐败是一个系统性问题时，就不能用个人层面的解决办法长期加以处理。
Abstract This article offers the first comprehensive review of the interdisciplinary state of knowledge regarding anti-corruption policies, with a particular focus on reducing corruption among civil servants. Drawing on the work of economists, political scientists, sociologists, and anthropologists, we examine seven policy categories: (1) rewards and penalties; (2) monitoring; (3) restructuring bureaucracies; (4) screening and recruiting; (5) anti-corruption agencies; (6) educational campaigns; and (7) international agreements. Notably, rigorous empirical evaluation is lacking for the majority of commonly prescribed anti-corruption policies. Nevertheless, we find growing evidence of the effectiveness of policies based on monitoring, including anti-corruption audits and e-governance. In addition, adequate civil service wages seem to be a necessary but insufficient condition for control of corruption. An emerging skepticism regarding the effectiveness of anti-corruption agencies also is apparent in the literature. We conclude with broader lessons drawn from our review, such as the recognition that when corruption is a systemic problem, it cannot be treated in the long term with individual-level solutions.