Rapid neuroendocrine responses evoked at the onset of social challenge.
Rapid neuroendocrine responses evoked at the onset of social challenge.
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社会挑战开始时会引起快速的神经内分泌反应。
DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.11.006
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Summers,CliffH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watt,MichaelJ;Forster,GinaL;Korzan,WayneJ;Renner,KennethJ;Summers,CliffH
在竞争性社会挑战开始时，个人必须评估对手所构成的威胁程度，以便做出适当的反应。我们的目的是利用蜥蜴 Anolis carolinensis 来表征伴随这一时期初始社会评估的神经内分泌变化。雄性卡罗林拟南芥的攻击意图的传达是通过眼眶后皮肤快速变黑（眼斑）来促进的，而眼斑的存在会抑制对手的攻击性。通过操纵这种视觉信号，我们还研究了不同程度的社会威胁的最初表现是否会引起不同的神经内分泌变化。受试者在眼眶后被涂上黑色颜料（高威胁级别）、绿色颜料（低威胁级别）或水（对照）。给彩绘动物展示一面镜子，并在对反射的模拟对手表现出攻击意图后立即进行采样，但在产生诸如基于运动模式的显示等行为之前。对照动物（呈现空白表面）有时根据绘画对象的平均反应时间进行采样。使用电化学 HPLC 分析大脑和血浆的单胺活性和儿茶酚胺水平。社会威胁引起血浆儿茶酚胺水平升高，这与短暂环境干扰引起的血浆儿茶酚胺水平升高没有区别。然而，短暂的社交挑战导致杏仁核和伏隔核（NAc）多巴胺和血清素水平明显快速增加。杏仁核的变化与一般社会威胁的存在有关，但 NAc 单胺受到威胁水平和参与对抗的主体动机的影响。这表明关键前脑边缘核的特定快速活动变化根据互动开始时感知到的社会威胁程度而有所不同。
At the onset of agonistic social challenge, individuals must assess the degree of threat the opponent represents in order to react appropriately. We aimed to characterize the neuroendocrine changes accompanying this period of initial social assessment using the lizard Anolis carolinensis. Conveyance of aggressive intent by male A. carolinensis is facilitated by rapid postorbital skin darkening (eyespot), whereas eyespot presence inhibits opponent aggression. By manipulating this visual signal, we also investigated whether differing neuroendocrine changes were evoked by initial presentation of varying levels of social threat. Subjects were painted postorbitally either with black paint (high threat level), green paint (low threat level) or water (controls). Painted animals were presented with a mirror and sampled immediately upon exhibiting aggressive intent towards the reflected simulated opponent, but before producing behaviors such as motor pattern-based displays. Control animals (blank surface presented) were sampled at times derived from averaging response times of painted subjects. Brains and plasma were analyzed for monoamine activity and catecholamine levels using electrochemical HPLC. Social threat evoked increases in plasma catecholamine levels indistinguishable from those caused by brief environmental disturbance. However, brief social challenge caused distinct rapid increases in amygdala and nucleus accumbens (NAc) dopamine and serotonin levels. Amygdalar changes were associated with general social threat presence, but NAc monoamines were affected by both threat level and subject motivation to engage in confrontation. This suggests that specific rapid activity changes in key forebrain limbic nuclei differ according to the degree of social threat perceived at the start of the interaction.