Abraham's Children in the Genome Era: Major Jewish Diaspora Populations Comprise Distinct Genetic Clusters with Shared Middle Eastern Ancestry
Abraham's Children in the Genome Era: Major Jewish Diaspora Populations Comprise Distinct Genetic Clusters with Shared Middle Eastern Ancestry
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.04.015
复制
发表时间：
2010-06-11
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Ostrer, Harry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Atzmon, Gil;Hao, Li;Ostrer, Harry
世纪以来，犹太人和非犹太人都试图界定当代犹太人的亲缘关系。以前的血型和血清标记物的遗传研究表明，犹太人群体有中东血统，配对的犹太人群体之间有更大的遗传相似性。然而，这些和后续的单等位基因Y染色体和线粒体遗传标记的研究并没有解决组内和组间犹太人的遗传身份的问题。在这里，对七个犹太群体（伊朗人、伊拉克人、叙利亚人、意大利人、土耳其人、希腊人和德系犹太人）的全基因组分析，以及与非犹太群体的比较，显示出独特的犹太人口集群，每个群体都有共同的中东血统，接近当代中东人口，以及不同程度的欧洲和北非混血。通过主成分、系统发育和血统认同（IBD）分析确定了两个主要群体：中东犹太人和欧洲/叙利亚犹太人。IBD片段的共享和欧洲犹太人彼此之间以及与南欧人口的接近表明欧洲犹太人的起源相似，并反驳了中欧和东欧以及斯拉夫人口对德系犹太人形成的大规模遗传贡献。阿什肯纳兹犹太人基因组中IBD的快速衰减与严重瓶颈以及随后的大规模扩张相一致，例如人口从15（th）世纪初的50，000人扩张到19（th）世纪初的5，000，000人的所谓人口奇迹。因此，这项研究表明，欧洲/叙利亚和中东犹太人代表了一系列地理隔离或集群编织在一起的共同IBD遗传线索。
For more than a century, Jews and non-Jews alike have tried to define the relatedness of contemporary Jewish people. Previous genetic studies of blood group and serum markers suggested that Jewish groups had Middle Eastern origin with greater genetic similarity between paired Jewish populations. However, these and successor studies of monoallelic Y chromosomal and mitochondrial genetic markers did not resolve the issues of within and between-group Jewish genetic identity. Here, genome-wide analysis of seven Jewish groups (Iranian, Iraqi, Syrian, Italian, Turkish, Greek, and Ashkenazi) and comparison with non-Jewish groups demonstrated distinctive Jewish population clusters, each with shared Middle Eastern ancestry, proximity to contemporary Middle Eastern populations, and variable degrees of European and North African admixture. Two major groups were identified by principal component, phylogenetic, and identity by descent (IBD) analysis: Middle Eastern Jews and European/Syrian Jews. The IBD segment sharing and the proximity of European Jews to each other and to southern European populations suggested similar origins for European Jewry and refuted large-scale genetic contributions of Central and Eastern European and Slavic populations to the formation of Ashkenazi Jewry. Rapid decay of IBD in Ashkenazi Jewish genomes was consistent with a severe bottleneck followed by large expansion, such as occurred with the so-called demographic miracle of population expansion from 50,000 people at the beginning of the 15(th) century to 5,000,000 people at the beginning of the 19(th) century. Thus, this study demonstrates that European/Syrian and Middle Eastern Jews represent a series of geographical isolates or clusters woven together by shared IBD genetic threads.