Performance of dry powder inhalers with single dosed capsules in preschool children and adults using improved upper airway models.
Performance of dry powder inhalers with single dosed capsules in preschool children and adults using improved upper airway models.
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DOI：
10.3390/pharmaceutics6010036
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发表时间：
2014-02-06
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Breitkreutz J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lindert S;Below A;Breitkreutz J
药物气雾剂对患者的肺部给药受上气道解剖结构和吸入模式的年龄依赖性变化的影响。考虑到这一点，根据欧洲药典，代表成人和学龄前儿童几何形状的不同上气道模型和常规导入口用于具有单剂量胶囊的干粉吸入器（Cyclohaler®、Handihaler®和Spinhaler®）的体外测试。对于Handihaler®/Spinhaler®，使用30和60 L/min的稳定流速进行沉积测量，对于Cyclohaler®，使用30、60和75 L/min的稳定流速进行沉积测量。吸入体积设定为1 L。对于Cyclohaler®，通过儿科吸入特征补充体外试验。对于Cyclohaler®，观察到理想化成人（11%-15%）和儿童（9%-11%）上气道模型之间的肺部沉积存在轻微差异。与稳定条件相比，应用的儿科吸入特征导致肺部沉积减少5%，并表明吸入模式对肺部沉积颗粒量的影响。两种小儿上气道模型的比较显示无差异。Handihaler®的性能与Cyclohaler®相似。在我们的研究中，Spinhaler®表现出不足的性能和有限的重现性。
The pulmonary administration of pharmaceutical aerosols to patients is affected by age-dependent variations in the anatomy of the upper airways and the inhalation pattern. Considering this aspect, different upper airway models, representing the geometries of adults and preschool children, and a conventional induction port according to the European Pharmacopeia were used for in vitro testing of dry powder inhalers with single dosed capsules (Cyclohaler®, Handihaler® and Spinhaler®). Deposition measurements were performed using steady flow rates of 30 and 60 L/min for the Handihaler®/Spinhaler® and 30, 60 and 75 L/min for the Cyclohaler®. The inhalation volume was set at 1 L. For the Cyclohaler®, the in vitro testing was supplemented by a pediatric inhalation profile. Slight differences of pulmonary deposition between the idealized adult (11%–15%) and pediatric (9%–11%) upper airway model were observed for the Cyclohaler®. The applied pediatric inhalation profile resulted in a reduction of pulmonary deposition by 5% compared to steady conditions and indicated the influence of the inhalation pattern on the amount of pulmonary deposited particles. The comparison of two pediatric upper airway models showed no differences. The performance of the Handihaler® was similar to the Cyclohaler®. The Spinhaler® showed an insufficient performance and limited reproducibility in our investigations.