Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension Among Children Attending Out Patient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension Among Children Attending Out Patient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi
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DOI：
10.7759/cureus.7957
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发表时间：
2020-05-04
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Ghaffar, Palwasha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bilal, Muhammad;Haseeb, Abdul;Ghaffar, Palwasha
前言：儿童肥胖症的流行使全球儿童高血压患病率从2%上升到4%。然而，巴基斯坦关于这一问题的数据有限。因此，这项横断面研究旨在记录在巴基斯坦最大的城市之一卡拉奇一家政府医院门诊部就诊的儿童中HTN的患病率及其危险因素。方法：纳入2019年10月就诊的1000名4至12岁的儿童。每个儿童的血压(BP)都被手动测量并记录下来。随后，他们的监护人接受了采访，以评估每个孩子身上存在的风险因素。结果：4~7岁儿童HTN患病率(19.2%)高于8~12岁儿童(14.5%；8.0%；6.5%)。4岁至7岁的肥胖儿童(OR=3.11)更易患HTN。此外，有HTN家族史的儿童患HTN的可能性是HTN的1.43倍，有HTN前期的可能性是1.32倍。性别、人工喂养、低出生体重、母亲吸烟与HTN无明显关联。结论：4~7岁儿童HTN患病率较高(19.2%)，高BMI(体质量指数)、HTN家族史、高脂饮食摄入量与儿童HTN密切相关。男女之间的患病率没有显著差异。
Introduction: The childhood obesity epidemic has caused the global prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in children to increase from 2% to 4%. However, there is limited data regarding this issue in Pakistan. Hence this cross-sectional study aims to document the prevalence of HTN and its risk factors among children visiting the out patient department (OPD) of a government hospital in Karachi, which is one of the largest cities in Pakistan.Methods: One thousand children aged between 4 and 12 years who visited the OPD in October 2019 were included. Blood pressures (BPs) for each child were measured manually and recorded. Their guardians were then interviewed to assess the risk factors present in each child. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences).Results: Among all the children, those between 4 and 7 years of age had a higher prevalence of HTN (19.2%; 9.2% stage 1 and 10.0% stage 2) than children aged between 8 and 12 years (14.5%; 8.0% stage 1 and 6.5% stage 2). Obese children between the age of 4 and 7 years (OR = 3.11) were more likely to develop HTN. Moreover, children with a positive family history of HTN were 1.43 times more likely to have HTN and 1.32 times more likely to have pre-HTN. There was no significant association of gender, artificial feeding, low birth weight, and maternal smoking with HTN.Conclusion: The prevalence is particularly higher in children aged between 4 and 7 years (19.2%) and there is a strong association between high BMI (body mass index), family history of HTN, and high-fat diet intake with HTN in children. There was no significant variation of prevalence between both genders.