Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Dental Unit Biofilms and Treatment Water Contamination
Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Dental Unit Biofilms and Treatment Water Contamination
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DOI：
10.1055/s-0039-1698858
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发表时间：
2011-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shih-Ming Lin;K. Svoboda;A. Giletto;J. Seibert;R. Puttaiah
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文献类型：
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作者：
Shih-Ming Lin;K. Svoboda;A. Giletto;J. Seibert;R. Puttaiah
目的：研究不同浓度的过氧化氢对模拟牙科治疗水系统中成熟水线生物膜的影响以及对浮游生物的控制作用；并在体外研究2%、3%和7%过氧化氢对去除牙科水线中成熟生物膜和无机化合物的影响。方法：采用4台自动牙单元水系统模拟装置，连续使用12周。所有单元最初都进行了清洁，以控制生物膜和无机沉积物。每周使用浓度为1%、2%、3%的H2O2在三个处理组单元（单元1、单元2、单元3）中进行定期清洗，分别使用0.05%、0.15%和0.25%的市政用水H2O2作为灌溉水。控制单元（4号单元）没有每周清洗，并使用市政用水作为灌溉。用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜和扫描电子显微镜研究线上沉积物，用每周异养平板计数研究废水污染。采用收集的水线对成熟生物膜进行了24小时的体外攻菌试验，分别为7%、3%和2% H2O2，研究了生物膜和无机沉积物的去除情况。结果：异养板计数显示，在12周的大部分时间里，控制单元的出水污染水平超过40000cfu /mL，而所有处理单元的污染水平均< 500cfu /mL。在这短短12周的研究中，所有处理单元都显示出不同程度的生物膜和无机沉积物控制。体外攻毒试验表明，虽然有生物膜控制，但即使使用7% H2O2 24小时也没有根除。结论：将2% H2O2作为定期清洗剂，在市政灌溉用水中稀释至0.05%，可有效控制口腔单元水系统的生物膜和浮游生物污染。然而，为了去除已形成的生物膜，使用H2O2进行首次和多次定期清洗可能需要2个多月的时间。
Objectives: To study effects of various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide on mature waterline biofilms and in controlling planktonic (free-floating) organisms in simulated dental treatment water systems; and to study in vitro the effects of 2%, 3%, and 7% hydrogen peroxide on the removal of mature biofilms and inorganic compounds in dental waterlines. Methods: Four units of an automated dental unit water system simulation device was used for 12 weeks. All units were initially cleaned to control biofilms and inorganic deposits. H2O2 at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3% was used weekly for periodic cleaning in three treatment group units (units 1, 2 & 3), with 0.05%, 0.15% and 0.25% H2O2 in municipal water used as irrigant respectively. The control unit (unit 4) did not have weekly cleanings and used municipal water as irrigant. Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy were used to study deposits on lines, and weekly heterotrophic plate counts done to study effluent water contamination. A 24 hour in vitro challenge test with 7%, 3% and 2% H2O2 on mature biofilms was conducted using harvested waterlines to study biofilm and inorganic deposit removal. Results: Heterotrophic plate counts of effluent water showed that the control unit reached contamination levels in excess of 400,000 CFU/mL while all treatment units showed contamination levels <500 CFU/mL through most of the 12 weeks. All treatment units showed varying levels of biofilm and inorganic deposit control in this short 12 week study. The in vitro challenge test showed although there was biofilm control, there was no eradication even when 7% H2O2 was used for 24 hours. Conclusions: 2% H2O2 used as a periodic cleaner, and diluted to 0.05% in municipal water for irrigation was beneficial in controlling biofilm and planktonic contamination in dental unit water systems. However, to remove well established biofilms, it may take more than 2 months when initial and multiple periodic cleanings are performed using H2O2.