Sarcandra glabra (Caoshanhu) protects mesenchymal stem cells from oxidative stress: a bioevaluation and mechanistic chemistry.
Sarcandra glabra (Caoshanhu) protects mesenchymal stem cells from oxidative stress: a bioevaluation and mechanistic chemistry.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12906-016-1383-7
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发表时间：
2016-10-28
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chen D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu J;Li X;Lin J;Li Y;Wang T;Jiang Q;Chen D
草珊瑚是一种传统的中草药，用于治疗各种氧化应激疾病。本工作评估了其对间充质干细胞(MSCs)氧化应激的保护作用，并讨论了可能的机制。采用化学方法测定了光皮草乙醇提取物(ESG)中总酚、迷迭香酸和落新妇苷的含量。采用3-(4，5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2，5-二苯基(4，5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2，5-二苯基(MTT)比色法观察ESG、迷迭香酸和落新妇苷对Fenton诱导的MSCs活力的影响。用机械力化学方法，包括DNA保护、·OH-清除、·O2-−清除、铁离子降低抗氧化力、ABTS+·-清除、DPPh·-清除和Fe~(2+)-螯合实验，进一步探讨其对细胞的保护作用。总酚含量为46.31 ± 0.56 mg/g，迷迭香酸含量为0.78 ± 0.01 mg/g，落新妇苷含量为3.37 ± 0.01 mg/g。四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法结果显示，迷迭香酸、落新妇苷和ESG三种化合物均能有效提高芬顿诱导的MSCs的存活率。同样，在·O2清除−、DPPh·-清除和Fe~(2+)螯合实验中，迷迭香酸的活性高于落新妇苷，而在FRAP、ABTS+·-清除实验中，落新妇苷的活性强于迷迭香酸。光皮冬虫夏草对·OH诱导的骨髓间充质干细胞氧化应激具有保护作用。这种保护作用可以归因于其抗氧化能力和两种植物酚的存在，即咖啡酰衍生物和类黄酮类化合物的存在。迷迭香酸和落新妇苷分别作为咖啡酰衍生物和黄酮类化合物的代表，可能通过直接清除ROS和间接清除ROS(即Fe2+-螯合)发挥抗氧化作用。直接清除ROS的能力包括氢原子转移(HAT)和/或电子转移(ET)途径。落新妇苷更多地参与后一条途径，这可以归因于A/C融合环中较大的平面共轭。迷迭香酸则表现出更多的HAT和Fe2+螯合能力，这可能是由于迷迭香酸多含一个邻苯二酚基团，而落新妇苷则具有3-α-L-鼠李糖的空间位阻作用和4，5位之间的氢键作用。迷迭香酸的抗氧化作用可以推广到其他咖啡酰基衍生物，而落新妇苷由于化学结构的不同而不能推广到其他黄酮类化合物。本文的在线版本(doi：10.1186/s12906-0161383-7)包含补充材料，授权用户可以使用。
Sarcandra glabra (Caoshanhu) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used for treating various oxidative-stressed diseases. The present work evaluated its protective effect on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from oxidative stress and then discussed possible mechanisms underlying this observation. Ethanolic extract of S. glabra (ESG) was investigated by chemical methods for its content of total phenolics, rosmarinic acid, and astilbin. ESG, along with rosmarinic acid and astilbin, was investigated for the effect on the viability of Fenton-treated MSCs using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl (MTT) assay. The observed cell protective effect was further explored by mechanistic chemistry using various antioxidant assays, including DNA protection, •OH-scavenging, •O2 −-scavenging, FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power), ABTS+•-scavenging, DPPH•-scavenging, and Fe2+-chelating assays. Analysis of ESG revealed a content of 46.31 ± 0.56 mg quercetin/g total phenolics, 0.78 ± 0.01 % rosmarinic acid, and 3.37 ± 0.01 % astilbin. Results from the MTT assay revealed that three compounds (rosmarinic acid>astilbin>ESG) could effectively increase the survival of Fenton-treated MSCs. Similarly, in •O2 −-scavenging, DPPH•-scavenging, and Fe2+-chelating assays, rosmarinic acid exhibited more activity than astilbin; while in FRAP, ABTS+•-scavenging assays, astilbin was stronger than rosmarinic acid. S. glabra can prevent MSCs from •OH-induced oxidative stress. Such protective effect can be attributed to its antioxidant ability and the presence of two kinds of phytophenols, i.e. caffeoyl derivatives and flavonoids. As the respective representatives of caffeoyl derivatives and flavonoids, rosmarinic acid and astilbin may exert the antioxidant action via direct ROS-scavenging and indirect ROS-scavenging (i.e. Fe2+-chelating). The direct ROS-scavenging ability involves hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and/or electron transfer (ET) pathway. Astilbin engages the latter pathway more, which can be attributed to the larger planar conjugation in A/C fused rings. Rosmarinic acid, on the other hand, shows more HAT and Fe2+-chelating potential, which may be due to rosmarinic acid bearing one more catechol moiety whereas astilbin has steric-hindrance from 3-α-L-rhamnose and an H-bonding between 4,5 sites. The antioxidant features of rosmarinic acid can be generalized to other caffeoyl derivatives, while that of astilbin cannot be generalized to other flavonoids because of the difference in chemical structures. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1383-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.