Enumeration versus multiple object tracking: the case of action video game players
Enumeration versus multiple object tracking: the case of action video game players
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2005.10.004
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Bavelier, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, C. S.;Bavelier, D.
在这里，我们证明动作视频游戏可以增强受试者在两项任务中的能力，这两项任务被认为表明可以理解的物品数量。使用枚举任务时，参与者必须确定快速闪烁的方块的数量，准确性测量显示，在数量较少的情况下，性能接近上限，而一旦达到临界数量的方块，性能就会急剧下降。重要的是，视频游戏玩家 (VGP) 的这一临界数字比非视频游戏玩家 (NVGP) 高出约两项。随后的一项对照研究表明，这种改进并不是由于立即理解显示数量的能力增强（这一过程称为子化），而是由于较慢的串行计数过程的增强。为了确认视频游戏有助于同时处理多个对象，我们在多对象跟踪任务 (MOT) 上比较了 VGP 和 NVGP，该任务需要随着时间的推移将注意力分配给多个项目。 VGP 比 NVGP 能够成功跟踪大约两个项目。此外，经过动作视频游戏训练的 NVGP 确定了玩游戏对两项任务表现增强的因果影响。总之，这些研究证实了这样的观点，即玩动作视频游戏可以增加可理解的物体数量，并表明这种增强是由视觉短期记忆技能的变化介导的。 (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Here, we demonstrate that action video game play enhances subjects' ability in two tasks thought to indicate the number of items that can be apprehended. Using an enumeration task, in which participants have to determine the number of quickly flashed squares, accuracy measures showed a near ceiling performance for low numerosities and a sharp drop in performance once a critical number of squares was reached. Importantly, this critical number was higher by about two items in video game players (VGPs) than in non-video game players (NVGPs). A following control study indicated that this improvement was not due to an enhanced ability to instantly apprehend the numerosity of the display, a process known as subitizing, but rather due to an enhancement in the slower more serial process of counting. To confirm that video game play facilitates the processing of multiple objects at once, we compared VGPs and NVGPs on the multiple object tracking task (MOT), which requires the allocation of attention to several items over time. VGPs were able to successfully track approximately two more items than NVGPs. Furthermore, NVGPs trained on an action video game established the causal effect of game playing in the enhanced performance on the two tasks. Together, these studies confirm the view that playing action video games enhances the number of objects that can be apprehended and suggest that this enhancement is mediated by changes in visual short-term memory skills. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.