Duration of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants in Qatar.
Duration of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants in Qatar.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-022-30895-3
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发表时间：
2022-06-02
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1和BA.2亚变体在遗传上是不同的。我们进行了一项匹配的、检测阴性的病例对照研究，以估计卡塔尔第二剂和第三剂/加强剂mRNA COVID-19疫苗对BA.1和BA.2感染的保护持续时间。在第二次给药后的前三个月，BNT 162 b2对症状性BA.1感染的有效性最高，为46.6%（95% CI：33.4-57.2%），对症状性BA.2感染的有效性最高，为51.7%（95% CI：43.2-58.9%），但此后下降至约10%或更低。在加强剂量后的第一个月，有效性分别反弹至59.9%（95%CI：51.2-67.0%）和43.7%（95%CI：36.5-50.0%），然后再次下降。第二次接种后对COVID-19住院和死亡的有效性为70-80%，加强接种后>90%。mRNA-1273疫苗保护显示出类似的模式。mRNA疫苗对症状性BA.1和BA.2 Omicron感染提供了相当的、中度的和短暂的保护，但对COVID-19住院和死亡提供了强大而持久的保护。SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变异体具有不同性质的亚变异体，但相对疫苗有效性尚未得到表征。在这里，作者表明，mRNA疫苗的有效性对于亚变体BA.1和BA.2是相似的，在第二次接种后三个月下降，在加强接种后增加。
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants are genetically divergent. We conducted a matched, test-negative, case-control study to estimate duration of protection of the second and third/booster doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against BA.1 and BA.2 infections in Qatar. BNT162b2 effectiveness was highest at 46.6% (95% CI: 33.4–57.2%) against symptomatic BA.1 and at 51.7% (95% CI: 43.2–58.9%) against symptomatic BA.2 infections in the first three months after the second dose, but declined to ~10% or below thereafter. Effectiveness rebounded to 59.9% (95% CI: 51.2–67.0%) and 43.7% (95% CI: 36.5–50.0%), respectively, in the first month after the booster dose, before declining again. Effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalization and death was 70–80% after the second dose and >90% after the booster dose. mRNA-1273 vaccine protection showed similar patterns. mRNA vaccines provide comparable, moderate, and short-lived protection against symptomatic BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron infections, but strong and durable protection against COVID-19 hospitalization and death. The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has subvariants with divergent properties but relative vaccine effectiveness has not been characterized. Here, the authors show that mRNA vaccine effectiveness is similar for the subvariants BA.1 and BA.2, with a decline three months after the second dose and increase after the booster.