Long-range interacting quantum systems
Long-range interacting quantum systems
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DOI：
10.1103/revmodphys.95.035002
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发表时间：
2021-09
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
Nicolò Defenu;T. Donner;T. Macrì;G. Pagano;S. Ruffo;A. Trombettoni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nicolò Defenu;T. Donner;T. Macrì;G. Pagano;S. Ruffo;A. Trombettoni
量子系统中非定域和长程相互作用的存在导致了它们的平衡和非平衡行为的一些特殊特征。在现有的实验平台上，可以改变相互作用范围、温度、密度和尺寸等控制参数。普遍尺度制度的存在，其中不同的物理系统和可观测量显示定量协议，产生一个共同的框架，其中不同的研究界的努力可以-在某些情况下严格-连接。然而，要将这一一般框架应用于特定的实验实现，就需要确定普适性现象预计会出现的机制。在本综述中，我们总结了最近的调查与远程相互作用的多体量子系统，这是目前实现在里德伯原子阵列，偶极系统，囚禁离子设置和冷原子腔实验。我们的主要目的是提出和确定的共同和（大多数）普遍的功能引起的长程相互作用的量子多体系统的行为。我们将讨论非常强的非局域耦合的情况，即非加性区域，以及能量是广泛的，但尽管如此，低能量，长波长特性相对于短程限制被改变的情况。在上述设置中与其他本地效应的竞争的情况下也进行了审查。
The presence of non-local and long-range interactions in quantum systems induces several peculiar features in their equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium behavior. In current experimental platforms control parameters such as interaction range, temperature, density and dimension can be changed. The existence of universal scaling regimes, where diverse physical systems and observables display quantitative agreement, generates a common framework, where the efforts of different research communities can be -- in some cases rigorously -- connected. Still, the application of this general framework to particular experimental realisations requires the identification of the regimes where the universality phenomenon is expected to appear. In the present review we summarise the recent investigations of many-body quantum systems with long-range interactions, which are currently realised in Rydberg atom arrays, dipolar systems, trapped ion setups and cold atoms in cavity experiments. Our main aim is to present and identify the common and (mostly) universal features induced by long-range interactions in the behaviour of quantum many-body systems. We will discuss both the case of very strong non-local couplings, i.e. the non-additive regime, and the one in which energy is extensive, but nevertheless low-energy, long wavelength properties are altered with respect to the short-range limit. Cases of competition with other local effects in the above mentioned setups are also reviewed.