Designing and implementing unemployment benefit systems in middle and low income countries: beyond risk-pooling vs savings
Designing and implementing unemployment benefit systems in middle and low income countries: beyond risk-pooling vs savings
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中低收入国家设计和实施失业救济制度：超越风险分担与储蓄
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Michael Weber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
David A. Robalino;Michael Weber
一些中等收入国家正在考虑改革其遣散费规定，以增加公司的灵活性并更好地保护工人。然后，政策讨论往往围绕是否采用失业保险计划或失业个人储蓄账户。第一种办法的支持者强调它能够分担风险，并引入团结的要素。批评人士指出，这对劳动力供应可能产生负面影响，因为个人寻找、接受或保住工作的动力可能会减少。在本文中，我们表明，UI和UISAs，事实上，一个更一般的设计和关键的政策选择是在如何再分配方面的特殊情况下，以支付那些谁不能保存足够的福利-是融资。我们概述了这种一般设计的主要特点，并确定权衡和可能的解决方案。然后，我们讨论了与实施有关的问题，并展示了生物特征识别方面的最新技术发展如何促进对与参与求职和培训活动有关的条件的监测。JEL codesO 15，J64，H55
Several middle income countries are considering reforms to their severance pay regulations to both increase flexibility for firms and better protect workers. Policy discussions then often revolve around whether to adopt an unemployment insurance (UI) scheme or unemployment individual savings accounts (UISAs). Proponents of the first emphasize its ability to pool risks and introduce an element of solidarity. Critics point to its potentially negative effects on labor supply as individuals could have fewer incentives to seek, take or keep jobs. In this paper, we show that UI and UISAs are, in fact, particular cases of a more general design and that the crucial policy choice is in terms of how redistribution - to cover benefits for those who could not save enough - is financed. We outline key features of this general design and identify trade-offs and possible solutions. We then discuss issues related to implementation and show how recent technological developments around biometric identification can facilitate the monitoring of conditionalities related to participation in job-search and training activities.JEL codesO15, J64, H55