Global to city scale urban anthropogenic heat flux: model and variability
Global to city scale urban anthropogenic heat flux: model and variability
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DOI：
10.1002/joc.2210
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Grimmond, C. S. B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen, L.;Lindberg, F.;Grimmond, C. S. B.
大规模城市能源消耗（LUCY）模式以2.5 x 2.5弧分分辨率模拟了从全球到单个城市尺度的人为热通量（Q(F)）的所有分量。这包括一个关于每个国家不同工作模式和公共假日、车辆使用和能源消耗的数据库。数据库可以编辑，以包括特定的昼夜和季节车辆和能源消耗模式，当地假期和城市内的人流。如果在这个（开源）数据库中可以获得关于单个城市的更好的信息，那么这个模型的准确性只会提高，从而在未来提供来自全球尺度气候模型或单个城市尺度的社区数据。结果表明，不同国家和城市地区的Q(F)在全年、一天中变化很大。对估计的热排放进行的评估表明，它们与全球模型和一些小规模城市模型产生的结果相当接近，因此LUCY的结果可以在一定程度上可信地使用。LUCY数据显示，全球城市平均Q(F)的日变化范围为0.7-3.6 W m(-2)，工作日大于周末。建筑释放的热量是全球热量排放的最大贡献者（89-96%）。月份之间的差异在中午最大（在下午1点高达1瓦特（-2））。12月至2月是北半球最冷的月份，热量排放最高。7月和8月处于较高的水平。最小的Q(F)排放在5月。城市地区单个网格单元热通量最高的城市是纽约（577）、巴黎（261.5）、东京（178）、旧金山（173.6）、温哥华（119）和伦敦（106.7）。版权。(C) 2010年皇家气象学会
The large scale urban consumption of energy (LUCY) model simulates all components of anthropogenic heat flux (Q(F)) from the global to individual city scale at 2.5 x 2.5 arc-minute resolution. This includes a database of different working patterns and public holidays, vehicle use and energy consumption in each country. The databases can be edited to include specific diurnal and seasonal vehicle and energy consumption patterns, local holidays and flows of people within a city. If better information about individual cities is available within this (open-source) database, then the accuracy of this model can only improve, to provide the community data from global-scale climate modelling or the individual city scale in the future. The results show that Q(F) varied widely through the year, through the day, between countries and urban areas. An assessment of the heat emissions estimated revealed that they are reasonably close to those produced by a global model and a number of small-scale city models, so results from LUCY can be used with a degree of confidence. From LUCY, the global mean urban Q(F) has a diurnal range of 0.7-3.6 W m(-2), and is greater on weekdays than weekends. The heat release from building is the largest contributor (89-96%), to heat emissions globally. Differences between months are greatest in the middle of the day (up to 1 W m(-2) at 1 pm). December to February, the coldest months in the Northern Hemisphere, have the highest heat emissions. July and August are at the higher end. The least Q(F) is emitted in May. The highest individual grid cell heat fluxes in urban areas were located in New York (577), Paris (261.5), Tokyo (178), San Francisco (173.6), Vancouver (119) and London (106.7). Copyright. (C) 2010 Royal Meteorological Society