SOLID-STATE C-13 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE AND INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY OF COMPOSTED ORGANIC-MATTER
SOLID-STATE C-13 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE AND INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY OF COMPOSTED ORGANIC-MATTER
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DOI：
10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300060014x
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发表时间：
1989-11-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
HADAR, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
INBAR, Y;CHEN, Y;HADAR, Y
利用稳定堆肥作为园艺容器基质是农业废弃物资源化利用的一种有效途径。我们从牛粪中制备堆肥，并研究了堆肥过程中各个阶段的产品。这项工作的目的是通过使用化学和光谱分析方法来测量、量化和关联堆肥过程中分离的牛粪（CSM-通过离心分离器从牛粪浆中获得的固体部分）有机成分的变化。本研究将为建立CSM成熟度指标提供必要的信息。将采用交叉极化魔角旋转（CPMAS）获得的碳-13 NMR光谱和采用傅里叶变换红外分光光度计（FTIR）测量的红外光谱应用于未浸提的CSM散装样品。这两种方法都证实了在整个堆肥过程中存在大量的碳水化合物。在此过程中，碳水化合物的水平下降，而烷基C，芳香族C和羧基的水平增加。碳水化合物的较高分解速率导致改性木质素的积累。几个不同的峰的FTIR吸收率的变化与堆肥成熟度的各种参数呈线性和显着相关。粗纤维分析表明，较低浓度的可溶性有机质，半纤维素和纤维素，而木质素的增加。在147 d的堆肥过程中，有机质的阳离子交换量从63 cmol/kg增加到181 cmol/kg，腐殖物质含量从占有机质的38%增加到71%，而C/N比从27.1：1下降到8.7：1。建议的光谱分析程序，使用CPMAS 13 C-NMR和FTIR测量直接分解有机物，而不提取，提供的信息表现出显着的相关性与更传统的化学参数堆肥成熟度。
Use of stabilized composts as horticultural container media has been a fruitful and desirable alternative in utilization of agricultural wastes. We prepared compost from cattle manure and investigated the products at various stages of the composting process. The objectives of this work were to measure, quantify and correlate changes in the organic constituents of separated cattle manure (CSM-the solid fraction obtained by centrifugal separators from a slurry of cattle manure) during composting by using both chemical and spectroscopical analytical methods. This research should provide the information necessary for the establishment of maturity indexes for CSM. Carbon-13 NMR spectra acquired with Cross-Polarization Magic Angle Spinning (CPMAS) and infrared spectra measured with a Fourier-Transform InfraRed spectrophotometer (FTIR) were applied to bulk CSM samples without extraction. Both methods confirmed the presence of appreciable amounts of carbohydrates throughout the composting process. During the process the level of carbohydrates decreased while levels of alkyl C, aromatic C, and carboxyl groups increased. The higher rate of decomposition of the carbohydrates resulted in the accumulation of modified lignin. Changes in FTIR absorbance ratios of several distinct peaks were linearly and significantly correlated with various parameters of compost maturity. Crude fiber analyses showed lower concentrations of soluble organic matter, hemicellulose and cellulose while that of lignin increased. Cation exchange capacity increased from 63 to 181 cmol/kg OM, and humic substances content increased markedly from 38 to 71% of the organic matter, while the C/N ratio decreased from 27.1:1 to 8.7:1 during the 147-d composting process. The proposed spectrometric procedures using CPMAS 13C-NMR and FTIR measurements directly on decomposing organic matter without extraction, provide information exhibiting significant correlations with more conventional chemical parameters of compost maturity.