Explosive jumping:: Extreme morphological and physiological specializations of Australian rocket frogs (Litoria nasuta)
Explosive jumping:: Extreme morphological and physiological specializations of Australian rocket frogs (Litoria nasuta)
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DOI：
10.1086/525290
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Wilson, Robbie S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
James, Rob S.;Wilson, Robbie S.
阿努兰跳跃是检查关键形态、生理和运动学参数之间关系的理想系统。我们使用澳大利亚火箭蛙（Litoria nasuta）作为模型物种来研究脊椎动物跳跃运动系统的极端特化。我们使用定制设计的力平台测量了最大跳跃期间施加的地面反作用力，这使我们能够计算加速度、速度、功率输出和总跳跃距离的瞬时测量值。我们使用工作循环技术量化了跖长肌的机械特性。我们发现，L. nasuta 实现了所有无尾动物中第二长的相对跳跃距离（个体的体长为 55.2），并且使用工作循环测量的孤立净平均肌肉功率输出（93.5 W kg(-1) 肌肉质量）、后肢长度与口鼻部长度之比（2.02）和相对后肢肌肉质量（体重的 33%）测得的最高的已发表的无尾动物值。 Litoria nasuta 的胫骨长度与口鼻部长度的比率也高于 19 个相关物种。我们发现跳得最远的个体在跳跃起飞阶段消耗的平均功率输出大约是我们对可用肌肉功率输出估计的三倍。
Anuran jumping is an ideal system for examining the relationships between key morphological, physiological, and kinematic parameters. We used the Australian rocket frog (Litoria nasuta) as a model species to investigate extreme specialization of the vertebrate locomotor system for jumping. We measured the ground reaction forces applied during maximal jumps using a custom-designed force platform, which allowed us to calculate instantaneous measures of acceleration, velocity, power output, and total jump distance. We quantified the mechanical properties of the plantaris longus muscle using the work loop technique. We found that L. nasuta achieved the second-longest relative jumping distance for any anuran (55.2 body lengths for one individual) and the highest published anuran values for isolated net mean muscle power output measured using work loops (93.5 W kg(-1) muscle mass), hindlimb length to snout-vent length ratio (2.02), and relative hindlimb muscle mass (33% of body mass). Litoria nasuta also had a higher ratio of tibia length to snout-vent length than 19 related species. We found that the mean power output expended during the takeoff phase of jumping in the individual that jumped the farthest was about three times greater than our estimate of available muscle power output.