Aging and skill acquisition: learning-performance distinctions.
Aging and skill acquisition: learning-performance distinctions.
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老龄化和技能获取：学习表现差异。
DOI：
10.1037//0882-7974.9.4.589
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发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kramer,AF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strayer,DL;Kramer,AF
本研究检验了一个假设，即在老年人的保守反应偏见干扰的收购和掌握的认知技能。20名年轻人和20名老年人进行了一致的映射和不同的映射版本的记忆搜索任务。每组中有一半的学生在速度压力指令下进行，而其余的学生在准确性压力指令下进行。年龄较大的学生表现出较低的熟练性能比年轻的学生。幂函数分析归因于这两个年龄相关的差异，在联想学习的速度和性能的渐近水平的差异。这些结果与AD菲斯克和WA Rogers（1991）的假设不一致，即自动化的年龄相关差异不会发生在记忆搜索任务中。结果被解释为学习与性能的区别。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
This research examined the hypothesis that a conservative response bias in older persons interferes with the acquisition and mastery of cognitive skill. Twenty younger and 20 older Ss performed both consistent mapping and varied mapping versions of a memory search task. Half of the Ss in each group performed under speed stress instructions, whereas the remaining Ss performed under accuracy stress instructions. Older Ss exhibited less skilled performance than did younger Ss. A power function analysis attributed this to both age-related differences in the rate of associative learning and differences in asymptotic levels of performance. These results are at odds with AD Fisk and WA Rogers's (1991) hypothesis that age-related differences in automatization do not occur in memory search tasks. Results are interpreted in terms of a learning vs performance distinction.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)