Strategies to Prevent Transmission of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Acute Care Hospitals
Strategies to Prevent Transmission of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Acute Care Hospitals
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DOI：
10.1086/591061
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Yokoe, Deborah S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calfee, David P.;Salgado, Cassandra D.;Yokoe, Deborah S.
先前发布的指南提供了检测和预防医疗保健相关感染（HAI）的全面建议。我们在这份文件中的目的是强调实用的建议，在一个简洁的格式，以协助急性护理医院在他们的努力，以防止耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的传播。参考美国卫生保健流行病学学会/美国传染病学会“预防卫生保健相关感染的策略纲要”执行摘要、引言和随附的社论进行更多讨论。急性护理机构中MRSA引起的HAI负担a。在美国，医院相关性S。由耐甲氧西林菌株引起的金黄色葡萄球菌感染稳步增加。2004年MRSA占S.医院中的金黄色葡萄球菌感染。虽然S.由于甲氧西林耐药菌株导致的重症监护病房（ICU）患者中的金黄色葡萄球菌相关HAI增加（MRSA问题的相对量度），最近的数据表明，自2001年以来，在几种类型的ICU中，由MRSA引起的中心静脉相关血流感染的发生率（该问题的绝对量度）已经下降。虽然这些发现表明，在预防MRSA医院传播和感染方面取得了一些成功，但许多患者群体仍然存在这种传播的风险。MRSA在医院的其他区域和其他类型的医疗机构也有记录，包括提供长期护理的机构。
Previously published guidelines are available that provide comprehensive recommendations for detecting and preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Our intent in this document is to highlight practical recommendations in a concise format to assist acute care hospitals in their efforts to prevent transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Refer to the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America/Infectious Diseases Society of America “Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections” Executive Summary, Introduction, and accompanying editorial for additional discussion.1. Burden of HAIs caused by MRSA in acute care facilitiesa. In the United States, the proportion of hospital-associated S. aureus infections that are caused by strains resistant to methicillin has steadily increased. In 2004, MRSA accounted for 63% of S. aureus infections in hospitals.b. Although the proportion of S. aureus–associated HAIs among intensive care unit (ICU) patients that are due to methicillin-resistant strains has increased (a relative measure of the MRSA problem), recent data suggest that the incidence of central line–associated bloodstream infection caused by MRSA (an absolute measure of the problem) has decreased in several types of ICUs since 2001. Although these findings suggest that there has been some success in preventing nosocomial MRSA transmission and infection, many patient groups continue to be at risk for such transmission.c. MRSA has also been documented in other areas of the hospital and in other types of healthcare facilities, including those that provide long-term care.