Distinct impact of education and income on habitual exercise: A cross-sectional analysis in a rural city in Japan
Distinct impact of education and income on habitual exercise: A cross-sectional analysis in a rural city in Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.09.024
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Akabayashi, Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murakami, Keiko;Hashimoto, Hideki;Akabayashi, Akira
教育和收入是反映社会等级不同方面的重要社会经济指标。然而，只有少数研究明确探讨了教育和健康行为之间的关系与收入和健康行为之间的关系有多大的不同。根据健康投资的人力资本理论，教育将反映出能够对健康进行有效投资的知识资产，而收入则与健康日的价值和/或健康投资的时间成本有关。由于时间成本和健康的相对价格会因年龄层而异，我们研究了年龄层对效果修正的意义，以区分教育对习惯性锻炼的影响和收入的影响。2007年1月，在日本北方的一个农村城市（n = 3385）进行了横断面调查，使用自填问卷。Logistic回归分析，以评估教育程度和家庭收入与习惯锻炼的关联。这些社会经济指标与年龄层（≥ 60岁）的相互作用项被纳入，以测试不同年龄的独特关联，然后进行分层分析。正如理论预测的那样，在25-59岁的人群中，较高的收入与习惯性锻炼显著相关，而在60岁及以上的人群中，这种相关性为零或负相关。无论年龄组如何，教育程度与习惯性锻炼显著相关。这些结果表明，社会经济因素对健康行为的影响因分析的社会经济指标和选择的年龄组而异。我们的结论是，对健康行为的社会经济差异的研究应仔细选择社会经济指标来解释特定的健康行为，揭示潜在的机制，并提供相关的政策含义，明确的行为模型的基础上。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Education and income are important socioeconomic indicators that reflect different aspects of social hierarchy. However, only a few studies have explicitly examined how different the relationship between education and health behaviour is from that between income and health behaviour. According to the human capital theory of health investment, education would reflect knowledge assets that allow an efficient investment in health, while income would relate to the value of healthy days and/or the time cost of health investment. Since time cost and the relative price of health would differ across age strata, we examined the significance of effect modification by age strata to distinguish the effects of education on habitual exercise from the effects of income. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a selfadministered questionnaire in a rural city in northern Japan in January 2007 (n = 3385). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association of educational attainment and household income with habitual exercise. Interaction terms of these socioeconomic indicators with age strata (= 60 years) were included to test the distinctive association across age, followed by a stratified analysis. As theoretically predicted, higher income was significantly associated with habitual exercise among those aged 25-59 years, while the association was null or negative among those aged 60 and above. Education was significantly associated with habitual exercise regardless of the age groups. These results suggest that the effects of socioeconomic factors on health behaviours vary according to which socioeconomic indicators are analysed, and which age group is selected. We conclude that studies on the socioeconomic disparity of health behaviours should carefully choose socioeconomic indicators to explain specific health behaviours to reveal underlying mechanisms and provide relevant policy implications, based on explicit behavioural models. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.