Characterization of Dialkyldithiophosphates as Slow Hydrogen Sulfide Releasing Chemicals and Their Effect on the Growth of Maize
Characterization of Dialkyldithiophosphates as Slow Hydrogen Sulfide Releasing Chemicals and Their Effect on the Growth of Maize
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04398
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发表时间：
2019-10-30
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Bowden, Ned B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carter, Justin M.;Brown, Eric M.;Bowden, Ned B.
硫化氢是植物的一种重要气体传递物质，在环境胁迫下，硫化氢能显著促进植物的生长和存活。目前用于缓慢释放硫化氢的方法使用化学品，例如GYY-4137，但这些导致环境中未发现的化学品的释放，并且所使用的化学品可能缺乏可以容易地调节以影响硫化氢释放速率的结构。本文介绍了以二烷基二硫代磷酸盐为原料的硫化氢缓释剂的合成及缓释效果。二烷基二硫代磷酸盐是一种新型的农业用硫化氢缓释剂。二丁基二硫代磷酸盐和GYY-4137的水解速率在85 ℃的水中测量，并相互比较以研究它们的差异。GYY-4137被广泛用作缓慢释放H2S的化学品，但其释放速率以前没有量化。使用硫化氢电极测量了一系列二烷基二硫代磷酸盐在室温下在水中硫化氢的释放。结果表明，二烷基二硫代磷酸盐的结构影响硫化氢的释放量。二丁基二硫代磷酸盐的最终降解产物被证明是磷酸和丁醇，这是在环境中发现的化学品。这一结果值得注意，因为它表明二烷基二硫代磷酸盐降解为安全的天然化学品，不会污染环境。为了证明二烷基二硫代磷酸盐在农业中具有潜在的应用，玉米在暴露于1-200 mg二丁基二硫代磷酸盐后生长4.5周，并且玉米植物的重量在低负载的二丁基二硫代磷酸盐下增加高达39%。
Hydrogen sulfide is a key gasotransmitter for plants and has been shown to greatly increase their growth and survival in the presence of environmental stressors. Current methods for slowly releasing hydrogen sulfide use chemicals, such as GYY-4137, but these result in the release of chemicals not found in the environment, and chemicals used may lack structures that can be readily tuned to affect the rate of release of hydrogen sulfide. In this article, we describe the synthesis and slow release of hydrogen sulfide from dialkyldithiophosphates, which are a new set of hydrogen sulfide releasing chemicals that can be used in agriculture. The rates of hydrolysis of dibutyldithiophosphate and GYY-4137 were measured in water at 85 degrees C and compared with each other to investigate their differences. GYY-4137 is widely used as a chemical that slowly releases H2S, but its rate of release was not previously quantified. The release of hydrogen sulfide in water at room temperature was measured for a series of dialkyldithiophosphates using a hydrogen sulfide electrode. It was shown that the structure of the dialkyldithiophosphate affected the amount of hydrogen sulfide released. The final degradation products of dibutyldithiophosphate were shown to be phosphoric acid and butanol, which are chemicals found in the environment. This result was notable because it demonstrated that dialkyldithiophosphates degrade to safe, natural chemicals that will not pollute the environment. To demonstrate that dialkyldithiophosphates have potential applications in agriculture, maize was grown for 4.5 weeks after exposure to 1-200 mg of dibutyldithiophosphate, and the weight of corn plants increased by up to 39% at low loadings of dibutyldithiophosphate.