Looking for meaning: eye movements are sensitive to overlapping semantic features, not association.
Looking for meaning: eye movements are sensitive to overlapping semantic features, not association.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3758/pbr.16.5.869
复制
发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Thompson-Schill SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yee E;Overton E;Thompson-Schill SL
语义记忆理论的不同之处在于，概念之间的关系是通过联想还是通过语义关联来捕捉的。我们使用一个“视觉世界”范式来检验这两个因素的贡献，在这个范式中，参与者从四张图片的显示器中选择命名的对象。我们通过使用视觉世界范式的类比来控制语义关联性，同时操纵关联强度，以呈现不对称的关联对(例如，火腿-鸡蛋与鸡蛋-火腿)。无论呈现方向如何，语义相关的物体都优先被注视(并且呈现方向对效果大小没有影响)。然而，当配对是关联的但在语义上不相关时(例如，冰山生菜)，关联的对象不会优先地固定在任一方向上。这些发现支持语义记忆是根据语义关联性(如分布式模型)来组织的理论，并表明联想本身对这种组织几乎没有影响。
Theories of semantic memory differ in the extent to which relationships among concepts are captured via associative or via semantic relatedness. We examine the contributions of these two factors using a “visual world” paradigm in which participants select the named object from a four-picture display. We control for semantic relatedness while manipulating associative strength by using the visual world paradigm’s analogue to presenting asymmetrically associated pairs in either their “forward” or “backward” associative direction (e.g., ham-eggs vs. eggs-ham). Semantically related objects were preferentially fixated regardless of the direction of presentation (and the effect size was unchanged by presentation direction). However, when pairs were associated but not semantically related (e.g., iceberg-lettuce), associated objects were not preferentially fixated in either direction. These findings lend support to theories in which semantic memory is organized according to semantic relatedness (e.g., distributed models) and suggest that association by itself has little effect on this organization.