Epigenetic control of oligodendrocyte development: adding new players to old keepers.
Epigenetic control of oligodendrocyte development: adding new players to old keepers.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.conb.2016.06.002
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发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Casaccia P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu J;Moyon S;Hernandez M;Casaccia P
不断涌现的证据表明髓磷脂在可塑性和轴突存活中发挥着重要作用。然而，调节少突胶质细胞祖细胞（OPC）向髓鞘化少突胶质细胞进展的机制仍然只有部分了解。当增殖的 OPC 退出细胞周期、启动分化并成为包裹轴突的形成髓磷脂的少突胶质细胞时，会发生一系列重叠但不同的表观遗传事件。在这里，我们讨论了解整合环境刺激的少突胶质细胞发育的表观遗传控制的最新进展。我们认为，由于主要是常染色质细胞核，OPC 直接对外在信号做出反应，而异染色质细胞核则使得分化细胞和髓鞘细胞不易受到调节表观基因组信号的影响。
Emerging and strengthening evidence suggests an important role of myelin in plasticity and axonal survival. However, the mechanisms regulating progression from oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to myelinating oligodendrocytes remain only partially understood. A series of overlapping yet distinct epigenetic events occur as a proliferating OPC exits the cell cycle, initiates differentiation, and becomes a myelin-forming oligodendrocyte that wraps axons. Here we discuss recent advances towards understanding the epigenetic control of oligodendrocyte development that integrates environmental stimuli. We suggest that OPCs are directly responsive to extrinsic signals due to predominantly euchromatic nuclei, while the heterochromatic nuclei render differentiating and myelinating cells less susceptible to signals modulating the epigenome.