Mycotoxin accumulation and corresponding ear rot rating in three maturity groups of European maize inoculated by two Fusarium species
Mycotoxin accumulation and corresponding ear rot rating in three maturity groups of European maize inoculated by two Fusarium species
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10681-009-0080-8
复制
发表时间：
2010-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Ouzunova, Milena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loeffler, Martin;Miedaner, Thomas;Ouzunova, Milena
在玉米中，禾谷镰刀菌和黄萎病镰刀菌分别产生真菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)和伏马菌素(FUM)。欧盟公布了食品中这些毒素的限量。种植抗病品种是满足这些限制的一种选择。真菌毒素浓度的量化既昂贵又耗时。如果基于成本效益和快速穗腐率的间接选择是可行的，这将提高选择效率。本研究的目的是通过接种三个成熟组(早、中、晚、晚)，分析真菌毒素浓度与耳腐病等级的相关性。每个成熟组包括大约50个在中欧和南欧测试的自交系。在早熟组中，火石系在除玉米外的所有情况下都比凹陷系更易感病。检测到较大范围和显著(P<；0.01)的基因型变异，但也存在显著的基因型×环境互作变异(P<；0.01)。穗腐病等级的遗传力与真菌毒素浓度的遗传力相近或更高(分别为0.61~0.93和0.56~0.89)。虽然FUM与DON或ZEA的基因相关性很高(分别为0.77和0.76)，但Fv和Fg以及相应的真菌毒素的单独检测是必要的，因为对Fv的抗性基因不一定对Fg抗性，反之亦然。中到高的遗传力和耳腐病与相应的真菌毒素浓度(0.87-0.99)之间的高基因相关表明，经常通过耳腐病等级来鉴定真菌毒素浓度降低的品系。在预算固定的情况下，我们得出结论，通过应用经济高效的穗腐病评级进行间接选择可以增加选择强度，因此对于降低真菌毒素浓度而言，间接选择比直接选择更有效。
Fusarium graminearum (FG) and F. verticillioides (FV) produce the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and fumonisins (FUM), respectively, in maize. The EU released limits for these toxins in food. Growing resistant varieties is one alternative to fulfill these limits. Quantification of mycotoxin concentrations is expensive and time consuming. If indirect selection based on cost efficient and fast ear rot rating is feasible, this could increase efficiency of selection. The objective of this study was to analyze correlations between mycotoxin concentrations and ear rot rating by inoculating three maturity groups (early, mid-late, late) each comprising about 50 inbred lines tested in Central and Southern Europe. In the early maturity group flint lines were more susceptible in all instances except ZEA than dent lines. Broad ranges and significant (P < 0.01) genotypic variances were detected, but also genotype x environment interaction variances were significant (P < 0.01). Heritabilities of ear rot rating were similar or higher than those of mycotoxin concentrations (0.61-0.93 and 0.56-0.89, respectively). Although high genotypic correlations between FUM and DON or ZEA were found (0.77; 0.76, respectively), separate testing of FV and FG and corresponding mycotoxins is necessary since genotypes resistant to FV were not necessarily resistant to FG and vice versa. Medium to high heritabilities and high genotypic correlations between ear rot and corresponding mycotoxin concentrations (0.87-0.99) suggest frequent identification of lines with reduced mycotoxin concentrations by ear rot rating. Assuming fixed budgets we conclude that indirect selection by applying cost efficient ear rot rating could increase selection intensity and therefore is more effective than direct selection for reduced mycotoxin concentrations.