Epidemiology of HIV among injecting and non-injecting drug users: current trends and implications for interventions.
Epidemiology of HIV among injecting and non-injecting drug users: current trends and implications for interventions.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11904-010-0043-7
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发表时间：
2010-05
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Stockman, Jamila K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Strathdee, Steffanie A;Stockman, Jamila K
注射吸毒是东欧、独联体、北非、中东以及亚洲和北美许多地区艾滋病毒感染的主要驱动因素。我们提供了吸毒者中艾滋病毒感染的全球流行病学概况，并提出了可能构成重要流行驱动因素的当前毒品使用趋势。我们描述了美国注射吸毒(IDU)人群中种族差异的趋势，并评论了这些趋势现在可能正在发生变化。我们列举了通过其他途径使用可卡因、可卡因和甲基苯丙胺的非注射吸毒者中艾滋病毒感染类似于注射吸毒者的例子，并讨论了艾滋病毒在这一被忽视人群中传播的潜在机制。最后，我们评论这些观察结果对注射吸毒者和非注射吸毒者中艾滋病毒干预的潜在影响，同时考虑到在艾滋病毒和/或注射吸毒已经确定或可能出现的情况下需要采取的不同战略。
Injecting drug use is a major driver of HIV infections in Eastern Europe, the Commonwealth of Independent States, North Africa, the Middle East, and many parts of Asia and North America. We provide a global overview of the epidemiology of HIV infection among drug users and present current drug use trends that may constitute important epidemic drivers. We describe trends in ethnic disparities among injecting drug using (IDU) populations in the United States, and comment upon how these trends may now be changing. We present examples where HIV infection among non-IDUs who use cocaine, crack, and methamphetamine by other routes of administration is similar to that among IDUs, and discuss potential mechanisms of HIV spread in this overlooked population. Finally, we comment upon the potential implications of these observations for HIV interventions among IDU and non-IDU populations, taking into account different strategies that are needed in settings where HIV and/or injecting drug use has been established, or threatens to emerge.