Phylogeny, integration and expression of sigma virus-like genes in Drosophila
Phylogeny, integration and expression of sigma virus-like genes in Drosophila
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2012.06.008
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Taylor, Derek J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ballinger, Maithew J.;Bruenn, Jeremy A.;Taylor, Derek J.
最近令人惊讶地发现广泛存在的非逆转录病毒整合RNA病毒（nirv）突出了非逆转录病毒RNA病毒与其真核宿主之间基因组相互作用的重要性。在具有整合代表的病毒中，横纹肌病毒是一类负义单链RNA病毒。我们鉴定了果蝇的sigma病毒样nirv，这代表了nirv与模型宿主生物中外源性RNA病毒密切相关的独特案例。我们采用生物信息学和实验室相结合的方法来探索果蝇中sigma病毒样nirv的进化和表达。最近在果蝇中的整合为研究nirv的功能提供了一个有前途的实验系统。此外，最近nirv的基因组结构为整合机制提供了一个不同寻常的进化窗口。例如，我们发现一个sigma病毒样聚合酶相关蛋白(P)基因似乎是通过囊胚样LTR反转录转座子的模板切换而整合的。sigma病毒p样NIRV存在于yakuba果蝇X和3R染色体上的多个逆转录因子融合开放阅读框中，X链拷贝在成年果蝇中转录产生RNA产物。我们首次报道了sigma病毒样NIRV，并首次在模型动物系统中表达NIRV，从而为进一步研究NIRV在动物宿主中的可能功能提供了一个平台。(C) 2012爱思唯尔公司版权所有。
The recent and surprising discovery of widespread NIRVs (non-retroviral integrated RNA viruses) has highlighted the importance of genomic interactions between non-retroviral RNA viruses and their eukaryotic hosts. Among the viruses with integrated representatives are the rhabdoviruses, a family of negative sense single-stranded RNA viruses. We identify sigma virus-like NIRVs of Drosophila spp. that represent unique cases where NIRVs are closely related to exogenous RNA viruses in a model host organism. We have used a combination of bioinformatics and laboratory methods to explore the evolution and expression of sigma virus-like NIRVs in Drosophila. Recent integrations in Drosophila provide a promising experimental system to study functionality of NIRVs. Moreover, the genomic architecture of recent NIRVs provides an unusual evolutionary window on the integration mechanism. For example, we found that a sigma virus-like polymerase associated protein (P) gene appears to have been integrated by template switching of the blastopia-like LTR retrotransposon. The sigma virus P-like NIRV is present in multiple retroelement fused open reading frames on the X and 3R chromosomes of Drosophila yakuba - the X-linked copy is transcribed to produce an RNA product in adult flies. We present the first account of sigma virus-like NIRVs and the first example of NIRV expression in a model animal system, and therefore provide a platform for further study of the possible functions of NIRVs in animal hosts. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.