On the Oil Containing Tissue, the Essential Oil Contents and the Chemical Composition of Essential Oil in Perilla species
On the Oil Containing Tissue, the Essential Oil Contents and the Chemical Composition of Essential Oil in Perilla species
复制标题
紫苏属植物含油组织、精油含量及化学成分的探讨
DOI：
10.1626/jcs.37.118
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发表时间：
1968
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shigenori Ikawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Teruo Yoshida;Fujio Higashi;Shigenori Ikawa
(1)香料紫苏的油腺主要分布在叶片表面。叶肉细胞中也有油滴，但水蒸气蒸馏法很难提取油滴。单位面积油腺数与产油率之间的相关系数非常高。(2)气温作为控制油品产量的外部因素与油品含量密切相关，高温条件下油品含量增加（8月达到最大值）。果穗发育也与含油量有关，随着果穗出芽，叶片含油量显著降低。其原因被认为是由于耳部和花的形成消耗了其内部物质，同时由于精油形成物质的转化流动（从叶子到花和耳朵的运动），降低了油腺内精油的分泌功能。(3)气相色谱法测定了紫苏挥发油的化学成分，发现紫苏叶挥发油的l-紫苏醛含量高于耳挥发油，l-芳樟醇、l-薄荷醇和l-紫苏醇含量略低于耳挥发油。
(1) In the spice Perilla sp., oil glands are distributed chiefly on the surface of leaf blades. Oil drops are present also in mesophyll cells, but they can hardly be extracted by steam distillation. The coefficient of correlation between the number of oil glands per unit area and the percentage of the oil yield is very high. (2) The air temperature has close relation as its external factor controlling the oil production, and the oil content increases under the high temperature condition (reaching its maximum in August). The ear development is also related with the oil content, and the oil content in the leaves gets lowered significantly with the sprout of the ears. As its cause, it is considered that, by the formation of the ears and flowers, its internal substance is consumed and also by the transformation flow (movement from the leaves to the flowers and ears) of the essential-oil-forming substance, the secretory function of essential oil within the oil glands is lowered. (3) The chemical composition of the essential oil was examined by gaschromatography and it was found that the oil of leaves has higher percentage of l-perilla aldehyde and somewhat less percentage of l-linalool, l-menthol and l-perilla alcohol as compared with that of ears.