Transnational corporations and the challenge of biosphere stewardship
Transnational corporations and the challenge of biosphere stewardship
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DOI：
10.1038/s41559-019-0978-z
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
de Zeeuw, Aart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Folke, Carl;Osterblom, Henrik;de Zeeuw, Aart
在地球边界范围内实现可持续发展，需要个人、政府、民间社会和私营行为体共同采取协调一致的行动。对于私营部门而言，人们担心跨国公司所行使的权力会引发全球环境变化，甚至在其中起到核心作用。在此，我们探讨在哪些条件下跨国公司可能阻碍或推动全球向可持续发展转型。我们发现，少数跨国公司已成为塑造全球人类与地球相互交织系统的一股主要力量。农业、林业、海产品、水泥、矿产及化石能源领域的跨国公司会对环境产生影响，并且具备影响生物圈关键功能的能力。我们审视了当前实践的相关证据，并确定了朝着 “企业生物圈管理” 转变的六个已观察到的特征，这些特征具有显著的扩大推广潜力。跨国公司的行动若与有效的公共政策及完善的政府监管相结合，能够大幅加快可持续发展的进程。
Sustainability within planetary boundaries requires concerted action by individuals, governments, civil society and private actors. For the private sector, there is concern that the power exercised by transnational corporations generates, and is even central to, global environmental change. Here, we ask under which conditions transnational corporations could either hinder or promote a global shift towards sustainability. We show that a handful of transnational corporations have become a major force shaping the global intertwined system of people and planet. Transnational corporations in agriculture, forestry, seafood, cement, minerals and fossil energy cause environmental impacts and possess the ability to influence critical functions of the biosphere. We review evidence of current practices and identify six observed features of change towards 'corporate biosphere stewardship', with significant potential for upscaling. Actions by transnational corporations, if combined with effective public policies and improved governmental regulations, could substantially accelerate sustainability efforts.