Evaluation of Methods for Obtaining Rendered Animal Fats
Evaluation of Methods for Obtaining Rendered Animal Fats
复制标题
获得提炼动物脂肪的方法的评价
DOI：
10.21603/2074-9414-2022-4-2408
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Maria Orlova
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Vechtomova;O. Kozlova;Maria Orlova
功能食品产量的增加使得寻找新的非传统原料及其加工方法的选择变得至关重要。从从狩猎动物(熊、獾、旱獭和海狸)中提取的有价值的原料中获得脂类性质的生物活性物质的方法特别令人感兴趣。本综述的目的是分析现有的从原料脂肪中提取渲染脂肪的方法，并对它们进行评价。
分析对象为2017-2021年从动物源原料中提取脂肪组分的科学论文、专利和研究数据。在这项工作中，考虑了各种提取脂肪的方法。对它们进行了系统的梳理、分析和描述，指出了它们的优缺点。
所考虑的提取脂肪成分的方法可用于从非传统动物来源的原料中提取脂肪的过程。在使用干法渲染时，脂肪组织的加热是通过导电法进行的，这会导致氧化过程和成品质量的下降。湿法渲染方法是通过将生脂肪与加热剂-水或活蒸汽相互作用来进行的，通过改变加热温度和暴露时间，可以保持产品的特性和质量。
湿渲染方法是最有效的。这些方法既可以获得高质量的成品，又可以最大限度地提高原料中有价值的脂类成分的产量。为了加快湿法暴露的工艺过程，可以使用生物催化法。研究结果可用于开发从从狩猎动物中提取的贵重昂贵的原料中获得类脂性质的生物活性物质的方案。
The increase of functional food production makes the search for new non-traditional raw materials and the selection of methods for their processing relevant. Methods for obtaining biologically active substances of a lipid nature from valuable raw materials extracted from hunting animals (bear, badger, marmot and beaver) are of particular interest. The purpose of this review is to analyze the existing methods of obtaining rendered fat from raw fat and evaluate them.
The objects of analysis were the data of scientific articles, patents and studies on the extraction of the lipid fraction from raw materials of animal origin from 2017 to 2021. In the work, various methods for extracting fats were considered. Their systematization, analyze, and description were carried out, indicating the advantages and disadvantages.
The considered methods for extracting lipid components can be used in the process of rendering fat from non-traditional raw materials of animal origin. When using the dry rendering method, the heating of adipose tissue is carried out by the conductive method, which leads to oxidative processes and a decrease in the quality of the finished product. The wet rendering method is carried out by interacting raw fat with a heating agent – water or live steam, which, by varying the temperature and duration of exposure, allows to preserve the properties and quality of the product.
Wet rendering methods are the most effective. These methods allow to obtain a high-quality finished product, as well as to produce the maximum yield of valuable lipid components of raw materials. To accelerate the technological process with the wet method of exposure, it is possible to use a biocatalytic method. The results of the research can be used in the development of schemes for obtaining biologically active substances of a lipid nature from valuable expensive raw materials extracted from hunting animals.