Attentional bias in alcohol-dependent patients: the role of chronicity and executive functioning
Attentional bias in alcohol-dependent patients: the role of chronicity and executive functioning
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00146.x
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kiefer, Falk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loeber, Sabine;Vollstaedt-Klein, Sabine;Kiefer, Falk
有人认为，对酒精相关刺激的注意力随着饮酒和酒精依赖的持续时间而增加。本研究的目的是评估是否存在注意力偏差脱毒酒精依赖患者，如果注意力偏差的大小取决于受试者的饮酒史和变量的执行功能。在30名酒精依赖患者中使用视觉点探测任务与图片呈现时间为50毫秒的注意力偏差进行了评估。此外，患者完成了各种不同的认知任务，如注意力，连续性能，工作记忆，集转移和抑制控制测试。相关性分析的基础上，我们分裂的患者样本的中位数关于酒精依赖的持续时间和我们的研究结果表明，一个显着的注意力偏差对酒精相关的图片依赖患者少于9年，但不是在患者的依赖持续时间较长。两个患者样本在注意力和工作记忆功能方面存在显着差异，依赖超过9年的患者表现出更大的损害。当注意力和工作记忆的损害得到控制时，注意偏向的组间差异不再显著。我们的研究结果表明，关于饮酒相关的变量以及认知功能的差异似乎调节注意力偏差，需要考虑到模型的饮酒维护。
It has been suggested that the attention towards alcohol-related stimuli increases with the duration of drinking and alcohol dependence. The present study aimed to assess whether an attentional bias was present in detoxified alcohol-dependent patients, and if the magnitude of the attentional bias depended on the subject's drinking history and variables of executive functioning. Attentional bias was assessed in 30 alcohol-dependent patients using a visual dot-probe task with a picture presentation time of 50 ms. In addition, patients completed a variety of different cognitive tasks such as attention, continuous performance, working memory, set shifting and inhibitory control tests. Based on correlation analysis we split the patient sample on the median with regard to the duration of alcohol dependence and our results indicated a significant attentional bias towards alcohol-associated pictures in patients dependent for less than 9 years, but not in patients with a longer duration of dependence. The two patient samples differed significantly with regard to attention and working memory functioning with patients who were dependent for more than 9 years showing a greater impairment. When impairment of attention and working memory were controlled for, the group differences in attentional bias were no longer significant. Our results indicate that differences with regard to drinking-related variables as well as cognitive functioning seem to modulate attentional bias and need to be taken into account in models of drinking maintenance.