Global epidemiology of injecting drug use and HIV among people who inject drugs: a systematic review
Global epidemiology of injecting drug use and HIV among people who inject drugs: a systematic review
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61311-2
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发表时间：
2008-11-15
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Mattick, Richard P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mathers, Bradley M.;Degenhardt, Louisa;Mattick, Richard P.
背景注射吸毒是世界上大多数国家艾滋病毒传播的一个日益重要的原因。我们的目的是确定年龄在15-64岁之间的个人注射毒品使用的流行率，和艾滋病毒的人谁injectdrugs.Methods我们做了同行评议（Medline，EmBase，和PubMed/BioMed中央），互联网和灰色文献数据库的系统搜索;和数据请求联合国机构和国际专家。11022文件进行了审查，分级，并编目的参考小组联合国艾滋病毒和注射吸毒。结果注射吸毒被确定在148个国家的注射吸毒的程度在非洲，中东和拉丁美洲的许多国家没有数据。其中120个国家报告注射者中存在艾滋病毒感染。可确定61个国家注射吸毒流行率估计数，这些国家占世界15-64岁总人口的77%。外推估计数表明，1590万（范围11。注射毒品的人数最多的国家是中国、美国和俄罗斯，这些国家注射毒品者中艾滋病毒流行率的中间估计值分别为12%、16%和37%。注射毒品使用者中的艾滋病毒流行率在五个国家为20-40%，在九个国家超过40%。据估计，在全球范围内，约有3。0百万（范围0 .解释在过去十年中，报告注射毒品的国家数量有所增加。艾滋病毒在许多注射毒品使用者中的高流行率是一个重大的全球健康挑战。然而，现有的数据在质量和数量上都远远不够，特别是考虑到注射吸毒作为艾滋病毒传播方式在许多地区日益重要，联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室、澳大利亚国家毒品和酒精研究中心、新南威尔士大学。
Background Injecting drug use is an increasingly important cause of HIV transmission in most countries worldwide. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of injecting drug use among individuals aged 15-64 years, and of HIV among people who inject drugs.Methods We did a systematic search of peer-reviewed (Medline, EmBase, and PubMed/BioMed Central), internet, and grey literature databases; and data requests were made to UN agencies and international experts. 11022 documents were reviewed, graded, and catalogued by the Reference Group to the UN on HIV and Injecting Drug Use.Findings Injecting drug use was identified in 148 countries; data for the extent of injecting drug use was absent for many countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America. The presence of HIV infection among injectors had been reported in 120 of these countries. Prevalence estimates of injecting drug use could be ascertained for 61 countries, containing 77% of the world's total Population aged 15-64 years. Extrapolated estimates suggest that 15.9 million (range 11 . 0-21.2 million) people might inject drugs worldwide; the largest numbers of injectors were found in China, the USA, and Russia, where mid-estimates of HIV prevalence among injectors were 12%,16%, and 37%, respectively. HIV prevalence among injecting drug users was 20-40% in five countries and over 40% in nine. We estimate that, worldwide, about 3 . 0 million (range 0 . 8-6.6 million) people who inject drugs might be HIV positive.Interpretation The number of countries in which the injection of drugs has been reported has increased over the last decade. The high prevalence of HIV among many populations of injecting drug users represents a substantial global health challenge. However, existing data are far from adequate, in both quality and quantity, particularly in view of the increasing importance of injecting drug use as a mode of HIV transmission in many regions.Funding UN Office on Drugs and Crime; Australian National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales.