Markers of cardiovascular risk are not changed by increased whole-grain intake: the WHOLEheart study, a randomised, controlled dietary intervention.
Markers of cardiovascular risk are not changed by increased whole-grain intake: the WHOLEheart study, a randomised, controlled dietary intervention.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114510000644
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发表时间：
2010-07
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Seal, Chris J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brownlee, Iain A.;Moore, Carmel;Chatfield, Mark;Richardson, David P.;Ashby, Peter;Kuznesof, Sharron A.;Jebb, Susan A.;Seal, Chris J.
全谷物 (WG) 摄入量的建议基于观察性研究，该研究表明，较高的全谷物摄入量与降低 CVD 风险相关。尚无大规模、随机、受控饮食干预研究调查过在非 WG 消费者的饮食中用 WG 替代精制谷物对 CVD 风险标志物的影响。总共 316 名每日摄入量 <30 g WG 的参与者（年龄 18-65 岁；BMI > 25 kg/m2）被随机分配到三组：对照组（不改变饮食）、干预组 1（60 g WG/天，持续 16 周）和干预组 2（60 g WG/天，持续 8 周，随后 120 g WG/天，持续 8 周）。在第 0 周（基线）、第 8 周和第 16 周测量的 CVD 风险标志物为：BMI、体脂百分比、腰围；空腹血脂、血糖和胰岛素；以及炎症、凝血和内皮功能的指标。使用随机截距模型比较研究组之间的差异，以时间和体重摄入量为因素。尽管报告的 WG 摄入量在干预组中显着增加，并且表现出良好的参与者依从性，但组间 CVD 风险的任何标志物没有显着差异。 4 个月的时间可能不足以改变与 CVD 相关的终生疾病轨迹。增加全谷物摄入量对 CVD 风险标志物缺乏影响意味着可能需要澄清公共卫生信息，以考虑观察性研究中发现的与全谷物摄入益处相关的全谷物来源和/或其他饮食和生活方式因素。
Recommendations for whole-grain (WG) intake are based on observational studies showing that higher WG consumption is associated with reduced CVD risk. No large-scale, randomised, controlled dietary intervention studies have investigated the effects on CVD risk markers of substituting WG in place of refined grains in the diets of non-WG consumers. A total of 316 participants (aged 18–65 years; BMI > 25 kg/m2) consuming <30 g WG/d were randomly assigned to three groups: control (no dietary change), intervention 1 (60 g WG/d for 16 weeks) and intervention 2 (60 g WG/d for 8 weeks followed by 120 g WG/d for 8 weeks). Markers of CVD risk, measured at 0 (baseline), 8 and 16 weeks, were: BMI, percentage body fat, waist circumference; fasting plasma lipid profile, glucose and insulin; and indicators of inflammatory, coagulation, and endothelial function. Differences between study groups were compared using a random intercepts model with time and WG intake as factors. Although reported WG intake was significantly increased among intervention groups, and demonstrated good participant compliance, there were no significant differences in any markers of CVD risk between groups. A period of 4 months may be insufficient to change the lifelong disease trajectory associated with CVD. The lack of impact of increasing WG consumption on CVD risk markers implies that public health messages may need to be clarified to consider the source of WG and/or other diet and lifestyle factors linked to the benefits of wholegrain consumption seen in observational studies.