Analysis of the warmest Arctic winter, 2015–2016
Analysis of the warmest Arctic winter, 2015–2016
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2015-2016年北极最暖冬季分析
DOI：
10.1002/2016gl071228
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
S. Nowicki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Cullather;Y. Lim;L. Boisvert;L. Brucker;J. Lee;S. Nowicki
12月至2015年2月-2016年定义了北极地区有观测记录以来最温暖的冬季。正2 m温度异常集中在喀拉海、巴伦支海和阿拉斯加西南部海冰覆盖减少的地区。第三个区域位于冰雪覆盖的北冰洋中部。这一时期的特点是出现了强烈的天气形势，导致12月下旬北极附近的融化温度和泰米尔半岛附近的异常高压。来自大西洋的大气遥相关导致欧亚高纬度陆地表面变暖，与厄尔尼诺有关的遥相关解释了阿拉斯加西南部和不列颠哥伦比亚省上空变暖的原因，而北极中部的暖异常与物理过程有关，包括大气水蒸气增加和下流长波辐射通量增加。温暖温度对海冰状况的预调节影响了随后的春季范围。
December through February 2015–2016 defines the warmest winter season over the Arctic in the observational record. Positive 2 m temperature anomalies were focused over regions of reduced sea ice cover in the Kara and Barents Seas and southwestern Alaska. A third region is found over the ice‐covered central Arctic Ocean. The period is marked by a strong synoptic pattern which produced melting temperatures in close proximity to the North Pole in late December and anomalous high pressure near the Taymyr Peninsula. Atmospheric teleconnections from the Atlantic contributed to warming over Eurasian high‐latitude land surfaces, and El Niño‐related teleconnections explain warming over southwestern Alaska and British Columbia, while warm anomalies over the central Arctic are associated with physical processes including the presence of enhanced atmospheric water vapor and an increased downwelling longwave radiative flux. Preconditioning of sea ice conditions by warm temperatures affected the ensuing spring extent.