HIV risk after release from prison: a qualitative study of former inmates.
HIV risk after release from prison: a qualitative study of former inmates.
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DOI：
10.1097/qai.0b013e31821e9f41
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发表时间：
2011-08-15
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Binswanger IA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adams J;Nowels C;Corsi K;Long J;Steiner JF;Binswanger IA
前监狱囚犯有感染艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎 (HCV) 的风险。本研究旨在了解刑满释放人员如何看待自己感染艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎的风险、使患者面临新感染风险的行为和环境因素以及获得医疗保健的障碍。利用个人、面对面、半结构化访谈的定性研究，探讨参与者的看法和行为，使他们面临艾滋病毒和丙肝病毒的风险，以及出院后接受定期医疗护理的障碍。使用基于团队的一般归纳方法对访谈记录进行编码和分析。参与者来自不同种族和民族，包括 20 名男性和 9 名女性，年龄范围为 22-57 岁，他们在出狱后前往科罗拉多州丹佛社区的头两个月内接受了采访。出现了四大主题：1）释放后期间普遍存在无保护性行为、性交易和吸毒等危险因素； 2）在释放后的最初几天里，参与危险行为的比例不成比例； 3) 刑满释放人员有关于艾滋病毒和丙肝病毒的教育需求； 4) 前囚犯在获得医疗保健和药物方面面临重大挑战。出狱后，艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎病毒的危险因素在前囚犯中普遍存在。预防工作应侧重于教育、促进安全性行为和针具做法、药物滥用治疗以及无毒品过渡住房。改善惩教人员、假释官员和社区卫生保健提供者之间的协调可以改善护理的连续性。
Former prison inmates are at risk for HIV and Hepatitis C (HCV). This study was designed to understand how former inmates perceived their risk of HIV and HCV after release from prison, the behaviors and environmental factors that put patients at risk for new infection and the barriers to accessing health care. Qualitative study utilizing individual, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews exploring participants’ perceptions and behaviors putting them at risk for HIV and HCV and barriers to engaging in regular medical care after release. Interview transcripts were coded and analyzed utilizing a team-based general inductive approach. Participants were racially and ethnically diverse and consisted of 20 men and 9 women with an age range of 22–57 years who were interviewed within the first two months after their release from prison to the Denver, Colorado community. Four major themes emerged: 1) risk factors including unprotected sex, transactional sex, and drug use were prevalent in the post-release period; 2) engagement in risky behavior occurred disproportionately in the first few days after release; 3) former inmates had educational needs about HIV and HCV; and 4) former inmates faced major challenges in accessing health care and medications. Risk factors for HIV and HCV were prevalent among former inmates immediately after release. Prevention efforts should focus on education, promotion of safe sex and needle practices, substance abuse treatment, and drug- free transitional housing. Improved coordination between correctional staff, parole officers and community health care providers may improve continuity of care.