PHYLLOCHRON RESPONSE TO VERNALIZATION AND PHOTOPERIOD IN SPRING WHEAT
PHYLLOCHRON RESPONSE TO VERNALIZATION AND PHOTOPERIOD IN SPRING WHEAT
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183x003500010031x
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发表时间：
1995-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
FISCHER, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MOSAAD, MG;ORTIZFERRARA, G;FISCHER, RA
了解环境如何控制叶片的发生和发育是构建动态作物模拟模型的必要条件。以20个春小麦基因型为材料，研究了春化和光周期对开花期总叶片数、出叶率和叶时型的影响。1992年春季，在ICARDA，Tel Hadya，叙利亚的温室条件下进行了一项实验，所有组合的三个光周期（8-，12-，和16-h日长）和两个春化处理（春化和nonvernalized）。开花期主茎总叶片数随光周期的增加而减少。春化处理降低了8个春化敏感基因型开花期主茎叶片总数。主茎叶片数与累积生长度日数呈线性关系（r = 0.99），各基因型的出叶率不同。出叶率随着光周期的增加而增加，叶长随着日照长度的增加而减少，从8小时时的124摄氏度d叶（-1）到16小时光周期时的97摄氏度d叶（-1）。这些结果表明，在模拟小麦叶片外观和冠层发育时，需要确定叶时的基因型系数与光周期的关系，此外，春化作用对适应热带高温环境的基因型叶时的影响需要进一步研究。
An understanding of how environment controls the initiation and development of the leaf is required to construct dynamic crop simulation models. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vernalization and photoperiod on total number of leaves at anthesis, leaf emergence rate, and phyllochron in 20 spring wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.). An experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions during spring 1992 at ICARDA, Tel Hadya, Syria, with all combinations of three photoperiods (8-, 12-, and 16-h daylength) and two vernalization treatments (vernalized and nonvernalized). Total number of leaves on the main stem at anthesis decreased with increasing photoperiod. Vernalization reduced the total number of leaves on main stem at anthesis in the eight vernalization-sensitive genotypes. Leaf number on the main stem was linearly (r = 0.99) related to accumulated growing degree days (degrees C d), Genotypes differed in leaf emergence rates. Leaf-emergence rate increased with increasing photoperiod, Phyllochron decreased with increased daylength from 124 degrees C d leaf(-1) at 8 h to 97 degrees C d leaf(-1) at 16-h photoperiod. These results suggests that, to model leaf appearance and canopy development in wheat, genotypic coefficients of phyllochron need to be determined in relation to photoperiod, Additionally, the effect of vernalization at inductive photoperiods on the phyllochron in genotypes adapted to heat-prone tropical environments needs further study.