A brain structure: the hippocampus.
A brain structure: the hippocampus.
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大脑结构：海马体。
DOI：
10.1126/science.235.4796.1682a
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
L. Nadel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Nadel
这两本新出版的《希波姆-珀斯》讲述了自1975年前两卷出版以来的发现。正如编辑们指出的那样，科学家研究海马体的部分原因是它提供了一个有用的模型系统，可以在其中研究某些基本的神经生物学问题。第三卷包含了主要从这个角度撰写的章节；虽然及时，信息量大，很值得一读，但它们未能解释海马体结构-1986年神经科学学会会议上250多个报告的焦点-为神经科学家举行的魅力所在。第四卷包含了对海马体系统及其在整体大脑功能中的作用有更广泛看法的章节；这些章节必须承担起传达海马体研究人员目前的兴奋和进步意识的重任。尽管单独有趣，但第四卷的章节似乎共同证实了Pribram引用的一名研究生的印象，即海马体是“神经科学的黑洞”。这是不幸的。许多人会争辩说，我们比任何其他大脑系统都更了解河马-CampA1系统的细节(见第三卷的章节)，海马体参与学习和记忆使其成为研究认知功能的生物学基础的理想结构。尽管其作用的确切性质尚不清楚，但大多数研究人员大致同意海马体正在做什么，甚至在某种程度上同意它是如何完成这一任务的。这一正在形成的共识之所以没有在这些卷中得到反映，与被省略的内容有关。
These two new volumes of The Hippocam-pus treat discoveries that have occurred since 1975, when the first two volumes were published. As the editors point out, scientists study the hippocampus in part because it offers a useful model system in which to investigate certain fundamental neurobiological questions. Volume 3 contains chap-ters written largely from this perspective; though timely, informative, and well worth reading, they fail to explain the fascination that the hippocampal formation-the focus of more that 250 presentations at the 1986 Society for Neuroscience meetings-holds for neuroscientists. Volume 4 contains chapters that take a broader view of the hippocampal system and its role in overall brain function; these chapters must bear the burden of conveying the current excitement and sense of progress among hippocampus researchers.Though individually interesting, the chapters of volume 4 collectively seem to confirm the impression of a graduate stu-dent quoted by Pribram that the hippocampus is" the black hole ofneuroscience." This is unfortunate. Many would argue that we know more about the details of the hippo-campal system (witness the chapters in vol-ume 3) than any other brain system and that the involvement of the hippocampus in learning and memory makes it an ideal structure in which to study the biological bases of cognitive function. Though the exact nature of its role is not clear, most researchers agree in broad outline about what the hippocampus is doing, and even to some extent about how it is doing it. The reason this emerging consensus is not re-flected in these volumes has to do with what has been omitted.