EFFECTS OF POPULATION-DENSITY AND SUPPLEMENTAL FOOD ON REPRODUCTION IN SONG SPARROWS
EFFECTS OF POPULATION-DENSITY AND SUPPLEMENTAL FOOD ON REPRODUCTION IN SONG SPARROWS
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DOI：
10.2307/4768
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发表时间：
1988-02-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
SMITH, JNM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ARCESE, P;SMITH, JNM
(1) 曼达特岛歌麻雀 (Melospiza melodia, Wilson) 的种群密度和繁殖。 BC [加拿大]从 1975 年到 1986 年变化很大。随着人口密度增加六倍，生育成功率的多项指标下降。在最高密度时，雌性产下的幼崽数量仅为低密度时的四分之一。 (2) 我们在 1985 年（密度最高的一年）繁殖期之前和期间向 72 对中的 16 只提供了补充食物，以检验这样的假设：每对可用食物量随着密度的增加而减少，从而调节繁殖。 (3) 补充食品 (i) 提前产蛋日期； (ii) 增加窝产数、繁殖尝试次数、雏鸟重量和独立产下的雏鸟数量； (iii) 减少巢寄生和成功筑巢尝试之间的间隔。 (4)饲养组和对照组幼仔随后的存活或繁殖没有差异。 (5) 补充食物与成虫到下一个繁殖季节的存活率降低有关，这可能是因为饲养实验后对饲养者的领地竞争加剧。 (6) 我们的结论是，食物供应对于调节繁殖很重要，繁殖期的食物供应可能会限制种群规模。
(1) Population density and reproduction in the song sparrow (Melospiza melodia, Wilson) on Mandarte Island. B. C. [Canada ] varied widely from 1975 to 1986. Several measures of reproductive success declined as population density increased by six times. At peak density, females produced only one-quarter the number of young produced at low densities. (2) We provided supplemental food to sixteen of seventy-two pairs before and during the breeding period in 1985, a year of peak density, to test the hypothesis that the amount of food available per pair declines as density increases and thus regulates reproduction. (3) Supplemental food (i) advanced laying date; (ii) increased clutch size, the number of breeding attempts, nestling weight and the number of independent young produced; and (iii) reduced brood parasitism and the interval between successful nesting attempts. (4) There was no difference in the subsequent survival or reproduction of fed and control young. (5) Supplemental food was associated with reduced adult survival to the next breeding season, perhaps because of increased competition for territories with feeders after the feeding experiment. (6) We conclude that food supply is important in regulating reproduction, and that food availability in the breeding period could limit population size.