Linking ecosystem services, urban form and green space configuration using multivariate landscape metric analysis
Linking ecosystem services, urban form and green space configuration using multivariate landscape metric analysis
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DOI：
10.1007/s10980-018-0618-z
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Harris, Jim A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grafius, Darren R.;Corstanje, Ron;Harris, Jim A.
景观指标是量化景观结构的有力工具，但其解释仍存在不确定性。城市环境增加了独特的考虑因素，包含由周围建成环境驱动的栖息地结构。然而，了解城市生态系统，应该集中在栖息地，而不是矩阵。我们耦合了景观度量分析，以克服现有的解释缺陷的多元方法。然后，我们探讨了景观特征和模拟的生态系统服务providing.We之间的关系，使用主成分分析和聚类分析，以隔离最有效的措施，景观变异性，然后分组栖息地斑块根据其属性，独立于周围的城市形式。我们将结果与三种生态系统服务的模拟提供进行了比较。聚类分析得到的七个类主要是在斑块面积上分离，其次是通过形状复杂性和斑块间距离的测量，与模拟的生态系统services.When相比，较大的斑块高达10公顷的大小始终存储更多的碳单位面积，并支持更多的传粉者，同时表现出更大的土壤侵蚀的风险。较小的，孤立的补丁表现出相反的，大于10公顷的补丁没有表现出额外的面积benefit.Multivariate景观指标分析提供了更大的信心和一致性比单独分析景观指标。独立分类避免了城市矩阵周围的栖息地的影响，并允许补丁根据自己的属性进行分组。这种分组是有用的，因为它可能与直接影响生态系统功能的景观结构特征有更强的相关性。
Landscape metrics represent powerful tools for quantifying landscape structure, but uncertainties persist around their interpretation. Urban settings add unique considerations, containing habitat structures driven by the surrounding built-up environment. Understanding urban ecosystems, however, should focus on the habitats rather than the matrix.We coupled a multivariate approach with landscape metric analysis to overcome existing shortcomings in interpretation. We then explored relationships between landscape characteristics and modelled ecosystem service provision.We used principal component analysis and cluster analysis to isolate the most effective measures of landscape variability and then grouped habitat patches according to their attributes, independent of the surrounding urban form. We compared results to the modelled provision of three ecosystem services. Seven classes resulting from cluster analysis were separated primarily on patch area, and secondarily by measures of shape complexity and inter-patch distance.When compared to modelled ecosystem services, larger patches up to 10 ha in size consistently stored more carbon per area and supported more pollinators, while exhibiting a greater risk of soil erosion. Smaller, isolated patches showed the opposite, and patches larger than 10 ha exhibited no additional areal benefit.Multivariate landscape metric analysis offers greater confidence and consistency than analysing landscape metrics individually. Independent classification avoids the influence of the urban matrix surrounding habitats of interest, and allows patches to be grouped according to their own attributes. Such a grouping is useful as it may correlate more strongly with the characteristics of landscape structure that directly affect ecosystem function.