Patterns of Abnormal Lung Function in Lung Disease
Patterns of Abnormal Lung Function in Lung Disease
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肺部疾病中肺功能异常的模式
DOI：
10.1002/9781118597309.ch36
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
W. Kinnear
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Kinnear
单靠肺功能测试很少具有诊断性--一个例外是哮喘的可逆性气流阻塞。本章讨论它们如何归入不同的模式，使我们能够推断可能出错的事情的种类。它考虑了将经典的肺容量测试结果细分为“阻塞性”和“限制性”缺陷的实用性。本章着眼于一氧化碳转移，以了解它如何进一步阐明梗阻或限制的病理生理学基础，并允许读者将限制性过程区分为肺和肺外模式。一氧化碳转移可以用来确定限制是由于肺部疾病还是肺外收缩。肺活量和总肺活量(TLC)正常的高残气量提示轻度呼吸道疾病。当整个肺的结构异常时，例如肺纤维化，气体的传输会受到阻碍，TLC和传输系数都很低。
Lung function tests alone are rarely diagnostic – one exception is the reversible airflow obstruction of asthma. This chapter discusses how they fall into distinct patterns, allowing us to infer the sorts of things that might be wrong. It considers the utility of the classical subdivision of lung volume test results into ‘obstructive’ and ‘restrictive’ defects. The chapter looks at carbon monoxide transfer to see how it sheds further light on the pathophysiology underlying the obstruction or restriction, and allows readers to differentiate restrictive processes into pulmonary and extrapulmonary patterns. Carbon monoxide transfer can be used to determine whether restriction is due to lung disease or extrapulmonary constriction. A high residual volume with normal spirometry and total lung capacity (TLC) is to indicate mild airway disease. When the structure of the entire lung is abnormal, for example in lung fibrosis, gas transfer will be impeded with a low TLC and transfer coefficient.
DOI：
10.1164/rccm.201012-2061oc
发表时间：
2011-07-15
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
Gordon, Cynthia;Gudi, Kirana;Crystal, Ronald G.
通讯作者：
Crystal, Ronald G.