Microbial responses to long-term warming differ across soil microenvironments
Microbial responses to long-term warming differ across soil microenvironments
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DOI：
10.1093/ismeco/ycae051
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发表时间：
2024-01-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Deangelis，Kristen M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu，Xiao Jun A.;Han，Shun;Deangelis，Kristen M.
由于气候变暖，土壤碳流失可能会增加，但微生物群和微环境可能会抑制这种影响。在一项长达30年的变暖实验中，土壤团聚体内的物理保护影响了土壤微生物群的热响应和碳动态。在这项研究中，我们将元基因组分析与土壤团聚体的物理特征相结合，以探索不同土壤微环境中微生物群落对气候变暖的响应机制。长期变暖降低了参与降解不稳定化合物(如纤维素)的基因的相对丰度，但增加了涉及降解难降解化合物(如木质素)的基因的聚集体大小。这些变化在大多数细菌门中都能观察到，尤其是酸杆菌、放线杆菌、类杆菌、绿僵菌和植物真菌。由于气候变暖，微生物群落组成发生了很大的变化，导致细菌和真菌的多样性下降，但古生菌的多样性没有下降。微生物功能基因、多样性和群落组成在大团聚体和微团聚体之间存在差异，表明物理保护在控制微生物群落动态中起着至关重要的作用。我们的发现表明，根据土壤物理保护的调节，微生物有能力通过改变不同微环境中的功能基因丰度和群落结构来适应或适应气候变化(如变暖、热应激)。
Soil carbon loss is likely to increase due to climate warming, but microbiomes and microenvironments may dampen this effect. In a 30-year warming experiment, physical protection within soil aggregates affected the thermal responses of soil microbiomes and carbon dynamics. In this study, we combined metagenomic analysis with physical characterization of soil aggregates to explore mechanisms by which microbial communities respond to climate warming across different soil microenvironments. Long-term warming decreased the relative abundances of genes involved in degrading labile compounds (e.g. cellulose), but increased those genes involved in degrading recalcitrant compounds (e.g. lignin) across aggregate sizes. These changes were observed in most phyla of bacteria, especially forAcidobacteria,Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Chloroflexi, andPlanctomycetes. Microbial community composition was considerably altered by warming, leading to declined diversity for bacteria and fungi but not for archaea. Microbial functional genes, diversity, and community composition differed between macroaggregates and microaggregates, indicating the essential role of physical protection in controlling microbial community dynamics. Our findings suggest that microbes have the capacity to employ various strategies to acclimate or adapt to climate change (e.g. warming, heat stress) by shifting functional gene abundances and community structures in varying microenvironments, as regulated by soil physical protection.