Investigation of dental pulp stem cells isolated from discarded human teeth extracted due to aggressive periodontitis
Investigation of dental pulp stem cells isolated from discarded human teeth extracted due to aggressive periodontitis
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从因侵袭性牙周炎拔出的废弃人类牙齿中分离出的牙髓干细胞的研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.08.003
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14
通讯作者：
Yu, Qing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun, Hai-Hua;Chen, Bo;Yu, Qing
最近，从发炎的牙髓组织中分离的人牙髓干细胞（DPSC）已被证明保留了其部分多能性和再生潜力。然而，牙周炎引起的牙周炎症及其进展对牙周受损牙齿内DPSCs特性的影响仍不清楚。在这项研究中，DPSCs分离自由于侵袭性牙周炎（AgP）而被拔除的废弃人牙齿，并根据拔牙前接近牙根尖的炎症诱导的骨吸收程度分为三个实验组（A组、B组和C组）。来自匹配患者的阻生或非功能性第三磨牙的DPSC用作对照。间充质干细胞（MSC）样特征，包括集落形成能力，增殖，细胞周期，细胞表面抗原，多系分化能力和体内组织再生潜力，均在患者匹配比较中进行了评价。研究发现，STRO-1和CD 146阳性的DPSC可以从人牙齿中分离出来，即使在非常严重的AgP病例中也是如此。牙周炎及其进展对从牙周病患牙中分离的DPSCs的特性有明显影响。A、B、C组的DPSCs集落形成能力和增殖率均降低（P < 0.05），但其降低程度与牙周炎的严重程度不一致。此外，细胞不一定显示出显著降低的体外多分化潜能。当将细胞种植的生物材料直接移植到异位移植模型中时，只有A组和对照组的DPSC在体内形成牙本质样基质。然而，当将细胞接种的支架放置在人类牙齿的根部碎片中时，所有细胞都形成了重要的牙本质和牙髓样组织。从牙周损伤牙中分离的DPSCs分化成牙本质组织的能力明显降低（P < 0.05）。同样，牙周破坏的增加并不一定伴随着牙本质和牙髓样组织形成量的减少。这些发现提供了初步证据，牙周受损的牙齿可能含有具有某些MSC特性的假定干细胞，只要牙髓的活力没有完全受损。这些细胞是否可以作为自体多能间充质干细胞的来源，用于临床再生治疗，需要进一步研究更大的样本量和各种类型的牙周炎。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Recently, human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) isolated from inflamed dental pulp tissue have been demonstrated to retain some of their pluripotency and regenerative potential. However, the effects of periodontal inflammation due to periodontitis and its progression on the properties of DPSCs within periodontally compromised teeth remain unknown. In this study, DPSCs were isolated from discarded human teeth that were extracted due to aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and divided into three experimental groups (Groups A, B and C) based on the degree of inflammation-induced bone resorption approaching the apex of the tooth root before tooth extraction. DPSCs derived from impacted or nonfunctional third molars of matched patients were used as a control. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like characteristics, including colony-forming ability, proliferation, cell cycle, cell surface antigens, multilineage differentiation capability and in vivo tissue regeneration potential, were all evaluated in a patient-matched comparison. It was found that STRO-1- and CD146-positive DPSCs can be isolated from human teeth, even in very severe cases of AgP. Periodontal inflammation and its progression had an obvious impact on the characteristics of DPSCs isolated from periodontally affected teeth. Although all the isolated DPSCs in Groups A, B and C showed decreased colony-forming ability and proliferation rate (P < 0.05), the decreases were not consistent with the degree of periodontitis. Furthermore, the cells did not necessarily show significantly diminished in vitro multi-differentiation potential. Only DPSCs from Group A and the Control group formed dentin-like matrix in vivo when cell-seeded biomaterials were transplanted directly into an ectopic transplantation model. However, when cell-seeded scaffolds were placed in the root fragments of human teeth, all the cells formed significant dentin- and pulp-like tissues. The ability of DPSCs to generate dental tissues decreased when the cells were isolated from periodontally compromised teeth (P < 0.05). Again, increased periodontal destruction was not necessarily followed by a decrease in the amount of dentin- and pulp-like tissue formed. These findings provide preliminary evidence that periodontally compromised teeth might contain putative stem cells with certain MSC properties, as long as the vitality of the pulp has not been totally damaged. Whether these cells can serve as a source of autologous multipotent MSCs for clinical regenerative therapies warrants further investigation with larger sample sizes and various types of periodontitis. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.